Evaluasi Tingkat Keberhasilan Revegetasi Lahan Bekas Tambang Nikel Di Pt Inco Tbk. Sorowako, Sulawesi Selatan

Abstract

PT INCO has made a borrow and use agreement with the government to do mining activity in forest area. This mining activity has caused severe damage to the forest and the land. With full awareness and to fulfill obligation in borrow and use agreement, PT INCO has done rehabilitation to severely damage forest and lands due to its mining activity. An evaluation is needed to measure the succession rate of rehabilitation effort that has been done by PT INCO. This evaluation put an emphasis on vegetational and biological aspect, enabling to see how far the revegetation activity able to fulfill restoration purpose as mention in Permenhut Nomor 146/Kpts-II/1999 and to restore functions of a forest. Object of this research is forest stand resulted from revegetation planted in 1999-2007, 1985 and 1996. Some of the equipments been used in this activity are brunton compass, measuring band, Sunto clinometer, spherical densiometer, plastic rope. Vegetational analysis done by using 17,8 m diameter circle plot. For each planting year make 2-3 plots with range 50 - 100 meter between each plot, for some cases such as limited land one plot is sufficient enough. In it observation made to plant growth factor such as plant height, plant diameter, root development and crown covering. Another parameter that also observed are local species existances and wildlife presence. Growth percentage in revegetation area range from 95% to 100%. Plant composition are pioneer species as Sengon (Paraserianthes falcataria), Eukaliptus (Eucalytus eurograndis), Sengon Buto (Enterolobium macrocarpum)and local species as Trema (Melochia umbellata), Sandro (Sandoricum kacappeae) dan Uru (Elmerelia sp). This mean it is suitable with goverment rule. Root development, growth, litter decomposition, erotion and crown covering has shown improvement according to succession concept. Same thing happen to wildlife, introduction has happened to revegetation lands. Revegetation at PT INCO in some aspects has fulfill goverment´s criteria and indicator but this revegetation has not reform original forest structure and function as protected forest.