Pola Musim dan Kelayakan Usaha Penangkapan Pancing Ulur di Pelabuhan Perikanan Pantai Pondokdadap Kabupaten Malang

Abstract

Perubahan pola musim penangkapan ikan hasil tangkapan utama dan peningkatan armada dapat mengakibatkan kerugian bagi nelayan pancing ulur, sehingga diperlukan analisis pola musim dan kelayakan usaha penangkapan pancing ulur. Sampel data primer berupa nilai investasi, biaya operasional dan nilai pendapatan diambil dari kapal berukuran 10 – 19 GT dan 20 – 29 GT untuk mewakili ukuran kapal yang mendominasi, sedangkan data sekunder berupa data logbook kapal pancing ulur diambil dengan melakukan studi literatur. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 6 jenis ikan hasil tangkapan utama yang didominasi dari spesies TCT yaitu ikan tuna dengan musim puncak pada bulan Mei - Agustus, cakalang pada bulan Juni dan tongkol pada bulan Oktober. Armada pancing ulur 10 – 19 GT dan 20 – 29 GT berturut-turut memiliki nilai keuntungan bersih Rp132.849.798,00 dan Rp211.122.924,00; nilai R/C ratio 1,77 dan 1,83; nilai PP 2,35 dan 2,85; nilai BEP penjualan Rp72.868.128,00 dan Rp98.133.162,00; BEP unit 3234 kg dan 5205 kg; serta nilai ROI 43% dan 35%.

Changes in the fishing season patterns, main catch, and increase in the fleet can result in losses for handline fishermen. Therefore, an analysis of seasonal patterns and the feasibility of handline fishing operations is needed. Primary data samples, including investment values, operational costs, and income values, were collected from vessels ranging from 10 to 19 GT and 20 to 29 GT to represent the dominant vessel sizes. Meanwhile, secondary data, such as handline fishing vessel logbook data, were obtained through literature studies. The results indicate that there are six main catch species dominated by tuna species, with the peak season in May - August for tuna, June for skipjack tuna, and October for mackerel tuna. The handline fishing fleets with the size of 10 - 19 GT and 20 - 29 GT respectively yielded a net profit of Rp132,849,798.00 and Rp211,122,924.00, an R/C ratio of 1.77 and 1.83, a PP value of 2.35 and 2.85, a sales break-even point (BEP) of Rp72,868,128.00 and Rp98,133,162.00, a unit BEP of 3,234 kg and 5,205 kg, and an ROI of 43% and 35%.