Evaluasi Keragaan dan Daya Hasil pada 11 Genotipe Jagung Manis Hibrida (Zea mays saccharata. Sturt) Hasil Pemuliaan IPB University

Abstract

Informasi keragaan dan daya hasil diperlukan dalam merakit varietas unggul baru. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi keragaan dan daya hasil jagung manis hibrida harapan IPB. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Desember 2022 sampai Februari 2023 di Kebun Percobaan Leuwikopo, Dramaga, Bogor, Jawa Barat. Penelitian terdiri dari satu faktor yaitu genotipe sebanyak 13 genotipe jagung manis hibrida. Penanaman dilakukan menggunakan rancangan kelompok lengkap teracak dengan 3 ulangan dari 20 tanaman per satuan percobaan. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan keragaan dan daya hasil antar genotipe jagung manis hibrida IPB dan varietas jagung manis pembanding. Genotipe berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap semua karakter yang diamati, kecuali diameter batang dan anthesis silking interval. Genotipe SB.13B X SM.9.3A.1 dan SB.5.1B.3B X T.13.1.8 memiliki beberapa keunggulan pada karakter seperti produktivitas, bobot tongkol tanpa kelobot, dan anthesis silking interval yang setara atau lebih baik dari varietas pembanding. Kedua genotipe hibrida harapan IPB ini memiliki produktivitas berkisar 19,04-20,42 ton per hektar sedangkan varietas pembanding berkisar antara 21,06-23,71 ton per hektar. Bobot tongkol tanpa kelobot kedua genotipe IPB berkisar 257,33-261,85 gram sedangkan varietas pembanding berkisar antara 249,13-253,53 gram.

Information about performance and power yield of sweet corn is needed in assembling new superior varieties. This research aims to evaluate the performance and power yield of the expected hybrid sweet corn from IPB. The research was conducted from December 2022 to February 2023 at the Leuwikopo Experimental Garden, Dramaga, Bogor, West Java. The research consisted of one factor, which was the genotypes of 13 hybrid sweet corn genotypes. Planting was done using a randomized complete group design with three repetitions where each experimental unit consists of 20 plants. The results showed that there were differences in performance and power yield among the genotype sweet corn hybrids of IPB and comparison sweet corn varieties. Genotype had a very significant effect on all the characters that observed, except stem diameter and anthesis silking interval. The SB.13B X SM.9.3A.1 genotypes and SB.5.1B.3B X T.13.1.8 genotypes had several advantages of characters such as productivity, ear weight without husk, and anthesis silking interval which were equal or better than the comparison varieties. Genotypes SB.13B X SM.9.3A.1 and SB.5.1B.3B X T.13.1.8 had productivity ranging from 19.04 to 20.42 tons per hectare while comparison varieties ranged from 21.06-23.71 tons per hectare. The ear weight without husk of genotypes SB.13B X SM.9.3A.1 and SB.5.1B.3B X T.13.1.8 ranged from 257.33 to 261.85 grams while comparison varieties ranged from 249.13-253.53 grams.