Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Bunga Marigold (Tagetes erecta L.) Pada Berbagai Frekuensi Pinching dan Jenis Pupuk

Abstract

Penelitian terkait pengaruh frekuensi pinching (setiap 2, 4 dan 6 hari) serta jenis pupuk (AB Mix dan NPK + Gandasil) terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi marigold dilakukan di Kebun Percobaan CV. Benih Dramaga pada bulan Maret Juli 2023. Sebanyak tiga percobaan dilakukan secara terpisah berdasarkan bahan tanam, yaitu stek var. Sudamala Oranye 1 serta stek dan benih var. Maharani F1. Percobaan menggunakan stek dilakukan dengan Rancangan Kelompok Lengkap Teracak (RKLT) faktorial dua faktor yaitu frekuensi pinching serta jenis pupuk, benih dilakukan menggunakan RKLT dengan faktor jenis pupuk. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa frekuensi pinching berpengaruh nyata terhadap persentase tanaman berbunga, diameter serta bobot kuntum Sudamala Oranye 1. Jenis pupuk berpengaruh nyata terhadap persentase tanaman berbunga, warna daun dan mahkota bunga kedua varietas, persentase tanaman terserang layu bakteri Sudamala Oranye 1, serta jumlah tunas per minggu, total cabang baru, bobot segar bunga per tanaman, dan produktivitas Maharani F1 dari benih. Interaksi ditemukan pada jumlah tunas 5 dan 6 MST, total tunas baru per tanaman, dan diameter kuntum Sudamala Oranye 1. Pada kedua varietas, pinching 2 hari sekali menghasilkan komponen hasil tertinggi walaupun tidak berbeda nyata dengan frekuensi pinching lainnya. Sudamala Oranye 1 memiliki produksi tertinggi dengan pemberian AB Mix, sedangkan Maharani F1 pada aplikasi pupuk NPK + Gandasil.

A research was conducted at CV. Benih Dramaga from March to July 2023 to study the effect of different pinching frequencies (every 2, 4 and 6 days) and fertilizer types (AB Mix and NPK + Gandasil) on marigold growth and flower yield. Three separate experiments were carried out based on planting material, namely cuttings of var. Sudamala Oranye 1, as well as cuttings and seeds of var. Maharani F1. The field experiments for cutting were carried out as factorial randomized block design (RCBD) with three replications in all possible combinations, while from seed used RCBD with seven replications and fertilizer types as the factor. The results revealed that pinching frequency significantly influenced the percentage of yielding plants, also diameter and fresh weight of individual flower of Sudamala Oranye 1. Fertilizer type significantly affected the percentage of yielding plants, leaf and flower petal color of both varieties, and the percentage of bacterial wilt-infected plants in Sudamala Oranye 1. Additionally, the number of shoots per week, total new shoots, fresh weight of flower per plant, and yield per hectare of Maharani F1 were significantly impacted. Interactions were observed in some growth parameters of Sudamala Oranye 1. In both varieties, pinching every 2 days produced the highest yield components, although not significantly different from other pinching frequencies. The highest Sudamala Oranye 1 flower yield was found with application of AB Mix, while NPK + Gandasil showed the highest yield in Maharani F1.