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      Analisis Struktur Anatomi, Struktur Sekretori dan Uji Histokimia Tumbuhan Tempuyung (Sonchus arvensis L.).

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      Date
      2023
      Author
      Rahmawati, Devi
      Sulistyaningsih, Yohana Caecilia
      Dorly
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      Abstract
      Tempuyung (Sonchus arvensis L.) mampu mengatasi demam, peradangan, membantu peredaran darah, dan berperan dalam detoksifikasi. Kandungan fitokimia tumbuhan ini telah diketahui, namun belum diketahui lokasi keberadaan senyawa metabolit sekunder tersebut dalam jaringan tumbuhan, sehingga penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis struktur anatomi, struktur sekretori, serta akumulasi senyawa metabolit sekunder yang terdapat di dalamnya. Metode yang digunakan yaitu pembuatan sediaan mikroskopis meliputi sediaan paradermal dan transversal. Keberadaan senyawa fenol, tanin, flavonoid, alkaloid, dan terpenoid diuji dengan pemberian reagen tertentu. Analisis struktur anatomi menunjukkan bahwa stomata pada tumbuhan tempuyung terdapat di kedua permukaan daun dan bertipe anomositik. Daun memiliki mesofil yang terdiferensiasi menjadi jaringan palisade dan bunga karang. Struktur sekretori yang ditemukan berupa sel idioblas. Akumulasi senyawa metabolit sekunder ditemukan pada sel idioblas dan beberapa jaringan lain. Hasil uji histokimia menunjukkan bahwa tempuyung mengandung senyawa metabolit sekunder berupa fenol, tanin, flavonoid, dan terpenoid. Pada bagian helai daun, metabolit sekunder terakumulasi pada sel idioblas jaringan epidermis, perbatasan antar sel jaringan mesofil, dan jaringan mesofil. Metabolit sekunder pada tulang daun terakumulasi pada sel idioblas jaringan epidermis, kolenkima, dan parenkima, sedangkan pada batang terakumulasi pada sel idioblas di jaringan parenkima.
       
      Sow thistle (Sonchus arvensis L.) can overcome fever, inflammation, help blood circulation, and function for detoxification. The phytochemical content of this plant has been reported, but the location of the secondary metabolites in the plant tissues was still unknown. This study aimed to analyze the anatomical structure, secretory structure, and the accumulation site of secondary metabolites in the plant tissue. Microscopic observation was using paradermal and transverse section of each organ. The presence of phenolic compounds, alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, and terpenoids were tested by application of specific reagents, prior to observation using a light microscope or a fluorescence microscope. Anatomical analysis showed that stomata found on both leaf surfaces were anomocytic. Leaves mesophyll was differentiated into palisade and spongy tissue. The secretory structures found were idioblast cells. Secondary metabolites were detected in idioblast cells and several tissues. Histochemical test showed that tempuyung contains phenols, tannins, flavonoids, and terpenoids. In the leave blades, secondary metabolites were accumulated in the idioblast cells of the epidermis and mesophyll tissue, while in the midrib were found in idioblast cells of the epidermis and parenchyma. In the stems, secondary metabolites were detected in idioblast cell in parenchyma tissue
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/124336
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      Indonesia DSpace Group 
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