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      Risiko Harga Kopi Arabika Sistem Resi Gudang Dan Non Resi Gudang Di Kabupaten Aceh Tengah

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      Date
      2023-08-10
      Author
      Awaina, Tasha Annisa
      Fariyanti, Anna
      Winandi, Ratna
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      Abstract
      TASHA ANNISA AWAINA. Risiko Harga Kopi Arabika Sistem Resi Gudang dan Non Resi Gudang di Kabupaten Aceh Tengah. Dibimbing oleh ANNA FARIYANTI dan RATNA WINANDI. Kopi arabika gayo merupakan salah satu komoditas unggulan di Kabupaten Aceh Tengah. Namun, dalam kegiatan berusahatani petani kopi arabika gayo menghadapi berbagai risiko salah satunya risiko harga yang dapat mempengaruhi pendapatan dan berdampak pada kesejahteraan petani kopi.Salah satu upaya yang telah diterapkan untuk mengurangi risiko harga dan meningkatkan pendapatan petani adalah penggunaan sistem resi gudang. Namun, belum diketahui sejauh mana sistem resi gudang dalam mengatasi risko harga dan meningkatkan pendapatan petani kopi arabika gayo di Kabupaten Aceh Tengah dibandingkan dengan non-sistem resi gudang. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis risiko harga yang dihadapi petani kopi arabika gayo di Kabupaten Aceh Tengah antara yang menggunakan sistem resi gudang dan non sistem resi gudang. Selain itu, penelitian ini juga bertujuan untuk menganalisis perbedaan pendapatan petani kopi arabika gayo di Kabupaten Aceh Tengah antara kedua sistem tersebut. Penelitian ini juga akan menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi keputusan petani dalam menggunakan atau sistem resi gudang. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini data primer dan sekunder data pimer diperoleh dari hasil wawancara menggunakan kuisioner. Jumlah sampel dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 80 yang dipilih secara purposive. Analisis risiko harga menggunakan pendekatan ekspektasi harga, kemudian untuk pendapatan digunakan expected return dan struktur biaya usahatani. Analisis faktor – faktor yang mempengaruhi keputusan petani untuk menggunakan SRG dianalisis menggunkan regresi logistik. Hasil penelitian menunjukan tingkat risiko harga petani kopi non – SRG lebih tinggi yaitu 0,08 sedangkan petani SRG sebesar 0,01. Nilai expected return petani kopi SRG lebih sebesar Rp.116.960.538 Ha/Thn sedangkan petani non SRG sebesar Rp.83.222.452 Ha/Thn. Petani SRG memiliki keuntungan harga yang lebih stabil dan risiko harga yang lebih rendah berkat perlindungan melalui tunda jual yang disediakan oleh pengelola gudang SRG. Pendapatan usahatani petani kopi SRG lebih besar dibandingkan dengan petani non – SRG. Meskipun biaya tunai yang dikeluarkan oleh petani SRG lebih tinggi daripada petani non SRG.Variabel yang berpengaruh signifikan terhadap keputusan petani menggunakan sistem resi gudang yaitu tingkat pendidikan, jumlah produksi kopi, pendapatan usahatani, koefisien variasi, dan pengembalian yang diharapkan. Implikasi kebijakan yang dapat diambil dari hasil penelitian ini adalah kebijakan yang mendukung penggunaan SRG. Diperlukan monitoring dan evaluasi untuk membantu pemerintah dan instansi terkait memahami dampak kebijakan yang telah diterapkan. Dengan harapan lebih banyak petani kopi arabika gayo di Kabupaten Aceh Tengah yang dapat memanfaatkan sistem resi gudang serta mendukung stabilitas dan pertumbuhan sektor pertanian lokal. Kata kunci: Ekspektasi Harga, Kopi Arabika, Logistik biner, Pendapatan, SRG
       
      TASHA ANNISA AWAINA. Price Risk of Arabica Coffee in Warehouse Receipt and Non-Warehouse Receipt Systems in Aceh Tengah District. Supervised by ANNA FARIYANTI and RATNA WINANDI. Gayo arabica coffee is one of the leading commodities in Central Aceh Regency. However, in farming activities gayo arabica coffee farmers face various risks, one of which is price risk that can affect income and have an impact on the welfare of coffee farmers.One effort that has been implemented to reduce price risk and increase farmers' income is the use of a warehouse receipt system. However, it is not yet known to what extent the warehouse receipt system in overcoming price risk and increasing the income of gayo arabica coffee farmers in Central Aceh Regency compared to the non-warehouse receipt system. The purpose of this study is to analyse the price risk faced by gayo arabica coffee farmers in Central Aceh District between those who use the warehouse receipt system and those who do not. In addition, this study also aims to analyse the difference in income of gayo arabica coffee farmers in Central Aceh District between the two systems. This study will also analyse the factors that influence farmers' decision to use the warehouse receipt system. The data used in this study are primary and secondary data, obtained from interviews using questionnaires. Analysis of price risk using the price expectation approach, then for income used expected return and farming cost structure. Analysis of factors influencing farmers' decision to use SRG was analysed using logistic regression. The results showed that the level of price risk of non-SRG coffee farmers was higher at 0.08 while SRG farmers were 0.01. The expected return value of SRG coffee farmers is more at Rp.116,960,538 Ha / year while non SRG farmers are Rp.83,222,452 Ha / year. SRG farmers have the advantage of more stable prices and lower price risk thanks to protection through delayed selling provided by the SRG warehouse manager. Farm income of SRG coffee farmers is greater than that of non-SRG farmers. Although the cash costs incurred by SRG farmers are higher than non SRG farmers. Variables that significantly influence the decision of farmers to use the warehouse receipt system are the level of education, the amount of coffee production, farm income, coefficient of variation, and expected returns. Policy implications that can be taken from the results of this study are policies that support the use of SRG. Monitoring and evaluation are needed to help the government and related agencies understand the impact of policies that have been implemented. It is hoped that more gayo arabica coffee farmers in Central Aceh Regency can utilise the warehouse receipt system and support stability and growth. Keywords: Binary Logistics, Gayo Arabica Coffee, Income, Price Expectation WRS
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/123511
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