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      Evaluasi Perubahan Respon Hidrologi pada Kondisi Penutupan Lahan Berbeda di DAS Sanggai Kalimantan Timur

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      Date
      2023
      Author
      Amelia, Rika Sandra
      Santikayasa, I Putu
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      Abstract
      Perubahan penutupan lahan saat ini menjadi salah satu masalah paling mendesak pada daerah aliran sungai (DAS), yang dapat membawa pengaruh pada jasa ekosistem, karakteristik hidrologi tanah, dan pengelolaan air di wilayah DAS. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi perubahan respon hidrologi akibat perubahan penutupan lahan di DAS Sanggai Kalimantan Timur tahun 2011 dan 2020 dengan menggunakan model Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT). Respon hidrologi yang dikaji berupa nilai aliran permukaan, aliran lateral, aliran air tanah, hasil air, dan evapotranspirasi. Simulasi model SWAT telah melalui proses kalibrasi (SWAT-CUP SUFI-2) dan validasi pada tahun 2011-2015 dan 2017-2020 menggunakan debit aliran observasi. Kinerja model SWAT telah menunjukkan hasil yang memuaskan berdasarkan uji statistik R2, NSE, PBIAS, KGE, dan RSR. Periode penelitian tahun 2011 dan 2020 menunjukkan perubahan penutupan lahan yang semula didominasi oleh lahan pertanian, transmigrasi dan perkebunan berubah menjadi hutan tanaman, perkebunan dan semak belukar. Respon hidrologi yang terjadi di DAS Sanggai akibat perubahan penutupan lahan yaitu meningkatnya nilai aliran lateral, aliran air tanah, dan evapotranspirasi sebesar 22,2%, 11,2% dan 1,5%. Hal sebaliknya terjadi pada aliran permukaan dan hasil air yang berkurang masing-masing sebesar 26,6% dan 1,3%. Adanya evaluasi dan perubahan nilai ini sangat relevan untuk pengelolaan sumber daya air yang berkelanjutan dalam jangka panjang.
       
      Changes in land cover are currently one of the greatest pressing issues facing the watershed, as they can have impacts on ecosystem services, hydrological properties of soil, and water management in watershed areas. In the present study, the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) was used to evaluate the hydrological responses to land cover changes in Sanggai Watershed, East Kalimantan during period 2011 and 2020. The hydrological responses examined include surface runoff, lateral flow, groundwater flow, water yield, and evapotranspiration. The SWAT model simulations were calibrated (using SWAT-CUP SUFI-2) and validated for the periods of 2011-2015 and 2017-2020 using observed flow. The performance of the SWAT model showed satisfactory results based on statistical tests such as R2, NSE, PBIAS, KGE, and RSR. During the study period (2011 and 2020), there were changes in land cover where agricultural land-generic, transmigration, and orchard were changed into evergreen forest, orchards and shrublands. The hydrological responses in the Sanggai Watershed due to land cover changes showed an increase in lateral flow, groundwater flow, and evapotranspiration by 22,3%, 11,2% and 1,5%. Conversely, surface runoff and water yield decreased by 26,6% and 1,3%. The evidence of these changes and the evaluation of their effects are particularly relevant for the long-term sustainable management of water resources.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/123479
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      • UT - Geophysics and Meteorology [1719]

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      Indonesia DSpace Group 
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