Gambaran Patologi African Swine Fever (ASF) pada Babi (Sus scrofa domesticus)

Abstract

Babi domestik merupakan salah satu ternak potensial yang semakin meningkat produksinya. Maraknya kasus African Swine Fever (ASF) mengakibatkan berbagai kerugian antara lain kerugian sosial, ekonomi, bahkan lingkungan. Berdasarkan permasalahan tersebut, perlu diketahui lebih lanjut gambaran patologi penyakit ASF. Studi kasus ini bertujuan mempelajari gambaran patologi ASF pada babi (Sus scrofa domesticus). Penelitian dilakukan dengan nekropsi pada babi, beberapa organ dan bagian diamati. Kemudian diambil sampel organ sebagai preparat histopatologi dengan pewarnaan hematoksilin eosin (HE). Perubahan dalam patologi anatomi dan histopatologi kedua ekor babi mengindikasikan kejadian ASF. Perubahan patologi anatomi seperti hemoragi pada beberapa organ, meliputi otak, kulit, kelenjar pertahanan, dan limpa sebagai organ target utama. Data ditunjang dengan pemeriksaan melalui pewarnaan HE yang menunjukkan lesio-lesio ASF. Bukti kuat ditandai heemorrhagic splenitis dan infiltrasi sel radang pada limpa sebagai tanda patognomonik ASF. Berdasarkan hasil kedua pemeriksaan tersebut, babi terinfeksi ASF dengan tipe akut.

Domestic pigs are one of the potential livestock whose production is increasing. The rise of cases of african swine fever (ASF) has resulted in various losses, incluiding social, economic and even environmental losses. Based on these problems, it is necessary to know more about the pathological features of ASF disease. This case study aims to study the pathological overview of ASF in pigs (Sus scrofa domesticus). The research was carried out by necropsy on pigs, observing several parts and organs. Then organ samples were taken as histopathological preparations stained with hematoxylin and eosin (HE). Changes in the anatomical pathology and histopathology of the two pigs indicate the occurrence of ASF. Anatomical pathological changes such as hemorrhage in several organs, including the brain, skin, defense glands, and spleen as the main target organs. The data was supported by examination through HE staining which showed ASF lesions. Strong evidence also supported by hemorrhagic splenitis and infiltration of inflammatory cell of the spleen as pathognomonic signs of ASF. Based on the results of the two examinations, pigs were infected with ASF of the acute type.