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      Diversifikasi Pasar Ekspor Indonesia ke SICA: Daya Saing dan Determinan Ekspor Komoditas Unggulan

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      Date
      2023
      Author
      Nada, Halimah Qothrun
      Widyastutik
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      Abstract
      Pandemi Covid-19 yang melanda seluruh negara membuat perekonomian negara Indonesia terkontaksi sebesar 2,07 % pada tahun 2020 kemudian tumbuh positif pada tahun 2021, pertumbuhan tertinggi disumbang dari sisi pengeluaran yang dicapai oleh komponen ekspor barang dan jasa. Central American Integration System (SICA) merupakan organisasi yang terdiri dari 8 negara di Kawasan Amerika Tengah yang memiliki populasi dan GDP per kapita yang cukup tinggi. Tingginya GDP per kapita menunjukkan daya beli yang tinggi sehingga dapat menjadi peluang bagi Indonesia untuk terus meningkatkan ekspor ke pasar SICA. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui daya saing dan determinan komoditas unggulan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan RCA, EPD, X-Model dan regresi data panel. Analisis regresi menunjukkan variabel yang berpengaruh positif dan signifikan yaitu GDP dan populasi negara importir pada komoditas HS 40, HS 48, dan HS 87, populasi Indonesia pada komoditas HS 48, FDI pada komoditas HS 87, RCA pada semua komoditas. Variabel yang berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan yaitu dummy Covid pada komoditas HS 48 dan 87. Adapun nilai tukar tidak berpengaruh signifikan.
       
      The Covid-19 pandemic that hit all countries caused the Indonesian economy to contract by 2,07% in 2020 and then expand in 2021. The highest growth was contributed by the expenditure side which was achieved by the component of exports of goods and services. The Central American Integration System (SICA) is an organization consisting of 8 countries in the region of Central America, which has a fairly high population and level of GDP per capita. The high level of GDP per capita shows high purchasing power, which indicates an opportunity for Indonesia to continue to increase exports to the SICA market. This study aims to determine the competitiveness and determinants of superior commodities. The research method used is RCA, EPD, X-Model and panel data regression. Regression analysis shows that the variables that have a positive and significant effect are GDP and the population of the destination country on HS 40, HS 48, and HS 87 commodities, the Indonesian population on HS 48 commodities, FDI on HS 87 commodities, and RCA on all commodities. The variable that has a negative and significant effect is the Covid dummy on HS 48 and 87 commodities. The exchange rate has no significant effect.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/123267
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      • UT - Economics and Development Studies [3214]

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      Copyright © 2020 Library of IPB University
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      Indonesia DSpace Group 
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