Analisis Strategi Pengembangan dan Potensi Ekonomi Pelabuhan Cirebon, Provinsi Jawa Barat
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Date
2023Author
Ramdhani, Amalia Resti
Taryono
Mulyati, Heti
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Show full item recordAbstract
Cirebon Port is a port that plays an important role in supporting the economy
at the local and national levels. The port encourages economic growth and develops
industry in the Cirebon City and hinterland areas by providing jobs and increasing
revenue for the Cirebon City local government. However, the challenges faced by
the Port of Cirebon are the flow of loading and unloading of goods that have not
been optimized, and the port has not been integrated with the logistics system of
Cirebon City and the hinterland areas. Logistics patterns in Cirebon and its
surroundings still use land transportation. It needs to be studied, organized and
managed to make logistics in Cirebon more efficient with alternative maritime
logistics strategies. The objectives of this study were 1) to analyze the efficiency
comparison between the Port of Cirebon and other collecting ports in Java 2) to
compare the distribution pattern and logistics cost structure from the City of
Cirebon to Tanjung Priok Port in Jakarta and Tanjung Mas Port in Semarang using
land transportation and sea transportation and 3) to formulate a development
strategy for the Port of Cirebon.
The research method uses a case study method. The sampling method was
carried out using a purposive sampling technique. Respondents are experts by the
scope of the research, totaling 8 respondents. Research data includes primary and
secondary data. The data analysis method uses Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA),
qualitative descriptive, and Analytical Hierarchy Processes (PHA).
The DEA results show that the Port of Cirebon has a technical efficiency
value of 34.1%, so with an output loading and unloading flow of 5,902,802 tons, it
only requires inputs in the form of 2 docks, 5,838 m2 of terminal area, 313 m2 of
storage area, 9,927 m2 of stacking field area and 311 meters of dock length. The
recommended container distribution pattern utilizes sea transportation because it is
more efficient, ± Rp 32,651,127,000 / month. Cirebon Port's development strategy
weighs the highest level of importance of economic factors (0.738), followed by
technical factors (0.170) and the lowest social factors (0.092). The highest weight
of the technical factor is the availability of operational equipment (0.618). In
economic factors, the highest weight is the availability of access (0.701). Bogot has
the highest of the social factors of social relations (0.726). The priority development
strategy of Cirebon Port is the development of port facilities and services with a
weight of 0.715. Pelabuhan Cirebon merupakan pelabuhan yang berperan penting dalam
mendukung perekonomian di tingkat lokal maupun nasional. Pelabuhan tersebut
mendorong pertumbuhan ekonomi dan mengembangankan industri wilayah Kota
Cirebon dan hinterland dengan menyediakan lapangan pekerjaan serta
meningkatkan pendapatan bagi pemerintah daerah Kota Cirebon. Namun tantangan
yang dihadapi Pelabuhan Cirebon yaitu arus bongkar muat barang yang belum
optimal dan belum terintegrasinya pelabuhan dengan sistem logistik Kota Cirebon
dan wilayah hinterland. Pola logistik di Kota Cirebon dan sekitarnya masih
menggunakan transportasi darat. Hal tersebut perlu dikaji, diatur dan dikelola agar
logistik di Kota Cirebon lebih efisien dengan altenatif strategi logistik maritim.
Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu 1) menganalisis perbandingan efisiensi antara Pelabuhan
Cirebon dan pelabuhan pengumpul lain di Pulau Jawa 2) membandingkan pola
distribusi dan struktur biaya logistik dari Kota Cirebon menuju Pelabuhan Tanjung
Priok di Jakarta dan Pelabuhan Tanjung Mas di Semarang menggunakan
transportasi darat dan transportasi laut dan 3) merumuskan strategi pengembangan
Pelabuhan Cirebon.
Metode penelitian menggunakan metode studi kasus. Metode pengambilan
sampel dilakukan dengan teknik purposive sampling. Reponden merupakan ahli
yang sesuai dengan ruang lingkup penelitian berjumlah 8 responden. Data
penelitian mencangkup data promer dan sekunder. Metode analisis data
menggunakan Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), deskriptif kualitatif dan Proses
Hirarki Analitik (PHA).
Hasil DEA menunjukkan Pelabuhan Cirebon nilai efisiensi teknis sebesar
34,1%, sehingga dengan output arus bongkar muat sebesar 5.902.802 ton hanya
membutuhkan input berupa 2 dermaga, 5.838 m2
luas terminal area, 313 m2
luas
gudang penyimpanan, 9.927 m2
luas lapangan penumpukan dan 311 meter Panjang
dermaga. Pola distribusi peti kemas yang di rekomendasikan adalah memanfaatkan
transportasi laut karena lebih efisien ± Rp 32.651.127.000/bulan. Strategi
pengembangan Pelabuhan Cirebon bobot tingkat kepentingan tertinggi faktor
ekonomi (0,738), diikuti faktor teknis (0,170) dan terendah faktor sosial (0,092).
Bobot tertinggi dari faktor teknis yaitu ketersediaan alat operasional (0.618). Pada
faktor ekonomi bobot tertinggi yaitu ketersediaan akses (0,701). Bogot tertinggi
dari faktor sosial yaitu relasi sosial (0,726). Prioritas strategi pengembangan
Pelabuhan Cirebon adalah pengembangan fasilitas dan pelayanan pelabuhan
dengan bobot 0,715.
Collections
- MT - Economic and Management [2960]