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      Analisis Pengaruh Regional Trade Agreement (RTA) terhadap Ekspor Industri Pengolahan Indonesia di Kawasan ASEAN+3

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      Date
      2023
      Author
      Barokhah, Siti
      Hakim, Dedi Budiman
      Nugraheni, Sri Retno Wahyu
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      Abstract
      Perdagangan internasional merupakan bagian penting dari proses globalisasi. Regional Trade Agreement berperan sebagai katalisator dalam mengurangi hambatan tarif maupun non tarif untuk mengoptimalkan perdagangan dan saling melengkapi dari industri masing-masing negara. ekspor industri pengolahan menjadi salah satu kontributor utama dalam nilai perdagangan ASEAN+3. Ekspor sektor industri pengolahan Indonesia ke ASEAN+3 mencapai 57 persen dari total nilai ekspor Indonesia ke ASEAN+3. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi efisiensi ekspor industri pengolahan Indonesia ke kawasan ASEAN+3 akibat adanya RTA. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah stochastic frontier gravity model dengan data yang digunakan berupa data panel nilai ekspor industri pengolahan Indonesia periode 1999-2020. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa variabel GDP riil negara mitra dagang, GDP riil Indonesia, jarak ekonomi, trade openness, populasi, dan RTA ASEAN-Jepang memengaruhi nilai ekspor industri pengolahan Indonesia. Sedangkan, variabel real exchange rate dan RTA ASEAN-China tidak berpengaruh terhadap nilai ekspor industri pengolahan Indonesia. Nilai efisiensi ekspor industri pengolahan Indonesia ke mitra dagang selama periode penelitian menunjukkan hasil yang terus menurun setiap tahunnya dengan rata-rata nilai efisiensinya mencapai 0.32. Kata kunci: ASEAN+3, efisiensi, ekspor industri pengolahan, RTA, Stochastic frontier gravity model
       
      International trade is an important part of the globalization process. Regional Trade Agreements acts as a catalyst for reducing tariff and non-tariff barriers to optimize trade and complement each other's industries. Exports og processing industry has become one of the main contributors to the value of ASEAN+3 trade. Exports of Indonesia's processing industry to ASEAN+3 reached 57 percent of the total value of Indonesia's exports to ASEAN+3. The aim of this study is to analyze the factors affecting the export efficiency of Indonesia’s processing industry to the ASEAN+3 region as a result on RTA. The method used in this study is the stochastic frontier gravity model using with panel data on the export value of Indonesia's processing industry for the period of 1999-2020. The results of the analysis showed that the variables of real GDP of trade partner countries, real GDP of Indonesia, economic distance, trade openness, population and the ASEAN-Japan RTA affect the export value of Indonesian processing industry exports. Meanwhile, the real exchange rate variable and ASEAN-China RTA did not affect the value of Indonesia’s processing industry exports. The value of efficiency of Indonesia’s processing industry exports to trade partners during the study period shows results that continued to decrease each year, with an average efficiency value of 0.32.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/123087
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      • UT - Economics and Development Studies [3214]

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      Indonesia DSpace Group 
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