Case Study of Pituitary Tumor

Abstract

The development of pituitary tumors in small rodents is a grievous and irreversible pathological condition. Detecting pituitary tumors is difficult, frequently resulting in a late-stage diagnosis or even post-mortem detection. Notably, there is a lack of literature on this tumor in Indonesia. This study aims to enhance our comprehension of pituitary tumors in rats by investigating their pathomorphological characteristics. The research methodology entails obtaining organ samples, such as the pituitary gland, kidney, and cerebellum, from euthanized rats afflicted with pituitary tumors. Grossly, the tumor looks like a small mass at the base of the brain, measuring 0.5 cm in size. Subsequently, histopathological preparations are performed using hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining, enabling examination under a light microscope. Parameters evaluated include the growth patterns of proliferative lesions, cellular pleomorphism, and atypia. Histological findings indicate that the pituitary gland comprises hyperplastic, chromophobic tumor cells arranged diffusely, displaying anisokaryotic nuclei. Occasionally, mitotic figures have been observed. The absence of kidney and cerebellum abnormalities suggests the absence of tumor metastasis. This pituitary tumor is conclusively classified as a nonfunctional chromophobe adenoma.