Analisis Sebaran dan Kerapatan Mangrove Menggunakan Citra Sentinel-2A di Bandar Bakau Dumai
Date
2023Author
Sitohang, Lois Alberto
Arhatin, Risti Endriani
Pasaribu, Riza Aitiando
Metadata
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Mangrove merupakan tumbuhan yang hidup di daerah pesisir pantai yang
berfungsi sebagai habitat biota laut, dan melindungi garis pantai. Penelitian ini
bertujuan memetakan sebaran, luasan, dan kerapatan mangrove di Bandar Bakau
Dumai pada tahun 2022 menggunakan citra Sentinel-2A. Data lapang yang
dibutuhkan yaitu foto tutupan kanopi dan titik koordinat pengambilan data.
Perhitungan persentase tutupan mangrove dihitung menggunakan metode
hemispherical photography. Indeks vegetasi dari citra satelit dihitung
menggunakan algoritma NDVI. Uji akurasi klasifikasi citra menggunakan metode
MLH. Terdapat 10 jenis mangrove yang ditemukan di wilayah penelitian dan
didominasi oleh Rhizophora apiculate dan Xylocarpus granatum. Nilai tutupan
kanopi mangrove hasil pengamatan berkisar antara 89,2% hingga 31,14%. Nilai
indeks vegetasi dilokasi kajian pada tahun 2022 dengan metode NDVI berkisar
pada -0,195 hingga 0,775. Luas sebaran mangrove di Bandar Bakau Dumai pada
tahun 2022 sebesar 35,52 ha dengan dua tipe kerapatan yaitu mangrove rapat dan
mangrove sedang. Hasil uji akurasi klasifikasi citra sebesar 81,63%. Hasil koefisien
korelasi antara tutupan kanopi dan NDVI sebesar 75% tergolong korelasi tinggi.
Penelitian ini menunjukkan nilai NDVI dapat menjadi acuan nilai tutupan kanopi
mangrove. Mangroves are plants that live in coastal areas that function as a habitat for
marine life and protect the coastline. This studied aim to map the distribution, area,
and density of mangroves in Dumai Bakau Airport in 2022 using Sentinel-2A
imagery. The required field data were photos of canopy cover and coordinate points
for data collection. Mangrove cover percentage was calculated using the
hemispherical photography method. Vegetation index from satellite imagery was
calculated using NDVI algorithm. Image classification accuracy test was using
MLH method. There were 10 mangrove species found in the study area and were
dominated by Rhizophora apiculate and Xylocarpus granatum. The observed
mangrove canopy cover value ranged from 89.2% to 31.14%. The vegetation index
valued at the study location in 2022 using the NDVI method ranges from -0.195 to
0.775. The distribution area of mangroves in Dumai Bakau Airport in 2022 was
35.52 ha with two types of density, namely very dense and dense mangroves. The
result of image classification accuracy test was 81.63%. Correlation coefficient
between canopy cover and NDVI of 75% was classified as high correlation. This
studied show that the NDVI value can be used as a reference for the mangrove
canopy cover value.