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      Isolasi dan Karakterisasi Bakteri Selulolitik dari Ekoenzim Kulit Buah Pisang

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      Date
      2023
      Author
      Sartika, Asih Desi
      Mubarik, Nisa Rachmania
      Kurniatin, Popi Asri
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      Abstract
      Selulosa merupakan komponen biomassa tumbuhan yang paling melimpah namun tidak mudah larut dalam air karena strukturnya yang kompleks. Penggunaan enzim selulase mampu menjadi kunci dalam degradasi bahan selulosa secara efisien dan efektif. Pemanfaatan ekoenzim dapat dilakukan untuk mengurangi jumlah limbah rumah tangga yang biasanya didominasi oleh limbah organik. Ekoenzim merupakan cairan organik kompleks yang dihasilkan dari proses fermentasi bahan limbah buah segar, gula, dan air dengan perbandingan 3:1:10 setelah tiga bulan masa fermentasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengisolasi dan melakukan karakterisasi bakteri selulolitik yang berasal dari ekoenzim hasil fermentasi kulit buah pisang. Sembilan bakteri selulolitik berhasil diisolasi dan ditumbuhkan pada media CMC (Carboxymethyl Cellulose) 1 % dari ekoenzim kulit buah pisang. Isolat CKM2 dan PS03 menjadi isolat terpilih karena didasarkan pada nilai indeks aktivitas selulolitik dan penapisan aktivitas enzim terbesar yang tidak menunjukkan hasil uji positif hemolisis. Isolat CKM2 memiliki aktivitas enzim spesifik tertinggi sebesar 0.908 U/mg pada jam ke-48 dengan aktivitas enzim optimum pada suhu 30 οC dan pH 7. Isolat PS03 memiliki aktivitas enzim spesifik tertinggi sebesar 1.184 U/mg pada jam ke-30 dengan aktivitas enzim optimum pada suhu 40 οC dan pH 5.
       
      Cellulose is the most abundant component of plant biomass, which is insoluble in water because of its complex structure. The use of cellulase enzymes can be the key to the efficient and effective degradation of cellulose materials. Utilization of ecoenzymes can reduce the amount of household waste which is usually dominated by organic waste. Ecoenzymes are complex organic liquids produced from the fermentation process of fresh fruit waste, sugar, and water in a ratio of 3:1:10 after three months of fermentation. This study aims to isolate and characterize cellulolytic bacteria derived from ecoenzymes fermented by banana peels. Nine cellulolytic bacteria were isolated and grown on 1 % selective CMC (Carboxymethyl Cellulose) medium from banana peel ecoenzyme. CKM2 and PS03 isolates were the selected isolates based on the cellulolytic activity index value and the largest enzyme activity screening which did not show a positive hemolysis test result. CKM2 isolate had the highest specific enzyme activity of 0.908 U/mg at the 48th hours with optimum enzyme activity at 30 οC and pH 7. Isolate PS03 had the highest specific enzyme activity of 1.184 U/mg at the 30th hours with optimum enzyme activity at 40 οC and pH 5.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/121414
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