Penerapan Kesejahteraan Hewan Pada Peternakan Sapi Pedaging di Kecamatan Jonggol Kabupaten Bogor Jawa Barat

Abstract

Peternakan sapi pedaging di Indonesia umumnya berskala kecil, dikelola secara tradisional, serta tidak diimbangi manajemen dan permodalan yang baik. Rendahnya pengetahuan dan pemahaman peternak mengakibatkan terabaikannya kesejahteraan hewan. Kesejahteraan hewan harus diperhatikan karena berpotensi meningkatkan produksi dan produktivitas sapi potong. Konsep lima kebebasan (five freedoms) digunakan sebagai acuan dalam mengevaluasi penerapan kesejahteraan hewan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menilai penerapan kesejahteraan hewan di peternakan sapi pedaging di Kecamatan Jonggol, Jawa Barat. Wawancara dan observasi menggunakan kuesioner dilakukan terhadap 32 peternakan rakyat. Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan upaya penerapan kesejahteraan hewan dikategorikan kurang dengan penerapan sebesar 51,56%. Aspek bebas, lapar, dan haus menjadi aspek yang terendah penerapannya (44,53%) sehingga diperlukan perhatian lebih. Aspek dengan penerapan dalam kategori cukup, dapat ditingkatkan melalui peningkatan pengetahuan dan kesadaran peternak untuk meningkatkan produktivitas ternak.

Beef cattle farming in Indonesia is generally small-scale, managed traditionally, and lacks proper management and financing. The low knowledge and understanding of farmers have resulted in the neglect of animal welfare. Animal welfare must be considered as it has the potential to enhance beef cattle production and productivity. The concept of the five freedoms is used as a reference to evaluate the implementation of animal welfare. This research aims to assess the application of animal welfare in beef cattle farming in Jonggol District, West Java. Interviews and observations using a questionnaire were conducted with 32 small-scale farms. The data were analyzed using quantitative descriptive analysis. The results of the research indicate that the efforts to implement animal welfare are categorized as inadequate, with an implementation rate of 51,56%. The aspects of freedom from hunger and thirst were found to have the lowest implementation rate (44,53%), requiring more attention. Aspects categorized as sufficient can be improved through increasing farmers' knowledge and awareness to enhance livestock productivity.