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      Analisis Biaya Transaksi dan Dampak Kebijakan Kuota BBM Perikanan Tangkap di Kota Padang

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      Date
      2023
      Author
      Febrian, Handika Rahmat
      Anggraini, Eva
      Gandhi, Prima
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      Abstract
      Nilai subsektor perikanan terhadap PDRB Kota Padang mengalami peningkatan dari tahun 2017 sampai 2021 seiring dengan peningkatan jumlah nelayan dan peningkatan produksi ikan. Ketersediaan input produksi bahan bakar minyak serta kedekatan akses nelayan pada pasar input merupakan hal penting dalam kegiatan usaha perikanan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengestimasi penerimaan bersih nelayan setelah adanya kebijakan kuota bahan bakar minyak di Kota Padang, mengestimasi biaya transaksi nelayan dengan dan tanpa kebijakan kuota bahan bakar minyak dan menganalisis dampak kebijakan kuota bahan bakar minyak terhadap keberlanjutan perikanan cakalang di Kota Padang. Analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis penerimaan dan biaya dan analisis bioekonomi. Hasil analisis penerimaan bersih nelayan kapal tonda tahun 2021 dalam satu tahun sebesar Rp 85.097.477. Biaya transaksi yang muncul sebelum adanya kebijakan kuota bahan bakar minyak pada tahun 2021 rata-rata sebesar Rp 405.000 per trip dan sesudah kebijakan kuota bahan bakar minyak, biaya transaksi berkurang secara signifikan menjadi Rp 10.000 per trip. Kebijakan kuota bahan bakar minyak meningkatkan penerimaan nelayan karena berkurangnya biaya transaksi yang dihadapi. Analisis bioekonomi menunjukkan kebijakan ini mengakibatkan kenaikan produksi namun dengan laju yang cukup rendah, sehingga dinilai tidak mengancam kelestarian sumberdaya ikan cakalang di Kota Padang karena produksi tangkap aktual belum melebihi produksi tangkap optimal.
       
      The value of the fisheries subsector to the GRDP of Padang City has increased from 2017 to 2021 in line with the increase in the number of fishermen and the increase in fish production. The availability of fuel oil production inputs and the close access of fishermen to input markets are important in fisheries business activities. This study aims to estimate the net income of fishermen after the fuel oil quota policy in Padang City, estimate the transaction costs of fishermen with and without the fuel oil quota policy and analyze the impact of the fuel oil quota policy on the sustainability of skipjack tuna fisheries in Padang City. The analysis used is revenue and cost analysis and bioeconomic analysis. The results of the analysis of net income of tonda boat fishermen in 2021 in one year amounted to IDR 143,895,020. Transaction costs incurred before the fuel oil quota policy in 2021 averaged IDR 405,000 per trip and after the fuel oil quota policy, transaction costs were significantly reduced to IDR 10,000 per trip. The fuel oil quota policy increases fishermen's income due to reduced transaction costs. Bioeconomic analysis shows that this policy results in an increase in production but at a fairly low rate, so it is considered not to threaten the sustainability of skipjack tuna resources in Padang City because actual catch production has not exceeded optimal catch production.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/120534
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      • UT - Resources and Environmental Economic [2339]

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