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      Respon Morfofisiologi dan Anatomi Tanaman Tomat dan Jambu Biji Merah terhadap Penyiraman dengan Sistem Infus

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      Date
      2023
      Author
      Umami, Fariqah
      Hamim, Hamim
      Sulistyaningsih, Yohana Caecilia
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      Abstract
      Cekaman kekeringan merupakan tantangan utama produksi tanaman di wilayah tropis. Penyiraman konvensional seringkali tidak efektif dan efisien terutama pada lingkungan dengan tanah yang mudah meresap air dan laju evaporasi yang tinggi. Salah satu upaya untuk mengatasi hal tersebut adalah pengairan dengan sistem infus. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis respon morfofisiologi dan anatomi tanaman tomat dan jambu biji merah terhadap pemberian air dengan sistem infus. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap 2 faktor yaitu jenis tanaman (tomat dan jambu biji merah) dan pemberian air (kontrol positif, kontrol negatif, jarum infus besar, dan jarum infus kecil). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada tanaman tomat, perlakuan jarum infus 18G dan 21G tidak mencapai jaringan xilem batang yang menyebabkan terhambatnya pertumbuhan (tinggi, jumlah, dan luas daun); penurunan Kadar Air Relatif (KAR) daun, kadar klorofil a, dan diameter pembuluh kayu akar. Penggunaan jarum infus yang lebih kecil pada tanaman tomat lebih baik daripada yang berukuran besar. Pada tanaman jambu biji merah, perlakuan jarum infus 21G dan 25G menyebabkan terhambatnya pertumbuhan (tinggi dan jumlah daun); penurunan KAR daun; peningkatan rasio akar-tajuk, kadar malondialdehid, dan prolin.
       
      Drought stress is a major challenge for crop production in the tropics. Conventional watering is often ineffective and inefficient, especially in environments with soils that easily absorb water and high evaporation rates. One effort to overcome this problem is by application watering using an infusion system. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the morpho-physiological and anatomical response of tomato and red guava plants from watering treatment using infusion system. This study used a completely randomized design with 2 factors, such as the type of plant (tomato and red guava) and watering application (positive control, negative control, large infusion needle, and small infusion needle). The results showed that in tomato plants, the 18G and 21G infusion needles did not reach the xylem tissue of the stem which caused growth inhibition (height, number, and leaf area); the decrease of Relative Water Content (RWC) of leaves, chlorophyll a, and root xylem vessel diameter. Using smaller infusion needles on tomato plants is better than using large ones. In red guava plants, watering treatment with 21G and 25G infusion needles caused growth inhibition (height and number of leaves); the decreased of RWC of leaves; the increase of root-canopy ratio, levels of malondialdehyde, and proline.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/119840
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      • UT - Biology [2401]

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