Seleksi Aktivitas Quorum Quenching dan Pertahanan Alami Tanaman Nilam (Pogostemon cablin) Tapak Tuan Transgenik Gen aiiA terhadap Layu Bakteri Ralstonia solanacearum

Abstract

Pogostemon cablin Benth memiliki kendala budidaya yaitu layu bakteri yang disebabkan oleh Ralstonia solanacearum. Penggunaan varietas resisten dari tanaman transgenik diharapkan dapat mengendalikan layu bakteri. Tujuan dari penelitian ialah menyeleksi aktivitas quorum quenching nilam Tapak Tuan transgenik yang telah disisipkan gen aiiA terhadap R. solanacearum. Tahapan penelitian meliputi seleksi klon transgenik aiiA terhadap R. solanacearum yang dianalisis menggunakan uji Kruskal Wallis pada kondisi in vitro dan pengamatan pertumbuhan klon transgenik pada kondisi in planta. Kemudian, mengukur aktivitas asam jasmonat dan aktivitas enzim peroksidase serta polifenol oksidase pada klon transgenik terpilih. Ekspresi gen aiiA terkuat diketahui berasal dari klon aiiA 5 yang memiliki rata-rata gejala layu 35,92% dengan penekanan gejala layu 27,38%. Klon terpilih Aiia 5 memiliki aktivitas asam jasmonat sebesar 9,832%, aktivitas enzim peroksidase sebesar 47,45%, dan aktivitas enzim polifenol oksidase sebesar 22,22%. Klon aiiA 5 memiliki tingkat pertumbuhan tertinggi pada kondisi in planta yaitu sebesar 1,10 cm. Klon aiiA 5 memiliki ekspresi gen aiiA dan aktivitas quorum quenching terkuat.

Pogostemon cablin Benth has a cultivation problem, namely bacterial wilt caused by Ralstonia solanacearum. The use of resistant varieties of transgenic plants is expected to control bacterial wilt. The aim of the study was to select the quorum quenching activity of transgenic Tapak Tuan patchouli that had aiiA gene inserted against R. solanacearum. The stages of the research included selection of aiiA transgenic clones against R. solanacearum which were analyzed using the Kruskal Wallis test in in vitro conditions and observing the growth of the transgenic clones in in planta conditions. Then, measuring the activity of jasmonic acid and the activity of peroxidase enzymes and polyphenol oxidases in selected transgenic clones. The strongest aiiA gene expression was found to be from clone aiiA 5 which had an average of 35,92% wilt symptoms with an suppression of 27,38% of wilt symptoms. The selected clone Aiia 5 had jasmonic acid activity of 9,832%, peroxidase enzyme activity of 47,45%, and polyphenol oxidase enzyme activity of 22,22%. Clone aiiA 5 had the highest growth rate in planta conditions, namely 1,10 cm. Clone aiiA 5 had the strongest aiiA gene expression and quorum quenching activity.