Kajian pengaruh intervensi makanan kudapan terhadap peningkatan kadar glukosa darah dan daya ingat anak sekolah dasar

Abstract

Penelitian sebelumnya menunjukkan bahwa pemberian kudapan di sekolah melalui program PMT-AS, yang mengandung energi dan protein rata-rata 124 kkal dan 1,5 gram, berpengaruh "yata terhadap peningkatan kadar glukosa darah anak sekolah dasar meskipun belum menunjukkan pengaruh yang "yata terhadap daya ingatnya. Hal ini diduga karena terlalu rendah kandungan energi dan protein dan kudapan yang diberikan dan kurang sesuai metode yang digunakan dalam pengukuran daya ingat Salah satu indikator biokimia dari kekurangan konsumsi energi adalah rendahnya kadar glukosa darah, sedangkan indikator dari prestasi belajar anak antara lain dapat ditentukan melalui pengukuran daya ingatnya. Secara umum. tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis pengaruh intervensi makanan kudapan terhadap kadar glukosa darah dan daya ingat anak sekolah dasar (SO). Adapun tujuan khusus penelitian ini adalah menganalisis konsumsi energi. karbohidrat. protein dan lemak anak SO. menganalisis pengaruh konsumsi makanan terhadap kadar hemoglobin anak SO. menganalisis pengaruh intervensi kudapan terhadap kadar glukosa darah anak SO. menganalisis perubahan daya ingat anak SO akibat pemberian kudapan. dan menganalisis pengaruh kadar glukosa darah terhadap daya ingat anakSO.

The objective of this study is to analyze the effect of snack intervention on blood glucose level and memory improvement of primary school's students. Subjects of this study were 184 students of four (4) primary schools (grade 6,5 and 4) at Bogar District, West Java. The study employed a quasi-experimental desig n and followed experimental procedures to control the subject's intake and motor activity during the study period. At the day of intervention, both control and intervention's subjects were ordered not to have breakfast at home. Intervention's subjects were provided with snack (buras, at 10.ho AM) which contain 381.7 kcal energy and 5 g protein, but control's subjects were not. Two types of psychological test (word and figure) were applied twice (at 09.00 and 11.00 AM). Then, at the same time, subject's blood was taken to determine blood glucose, haemoglobin, and hematocrite levels. Interviews with subjects and their mothers were done to collect socia-economic data and dietary intake. Result of the study indicate that snack intervention has increased significantly (p<0.01) blood glucose level (20.8 mg/dl) for about 1 hour after snack given. Blood glucose level significantly (p<0.01) effect on the word's and figure's memory performance.