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      Daya Saing dan Faktor - Faktor Yang Memengaruhi Ekspor Kakao Olahan Indonesia di Negara Tujuan Utama

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      Date
      2023
      Author
      Melinda, Syarvinny
      Anggraeni, Lukytawati
      Probokawuryan, Mutiara
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      Abstract
      Kakao merupakan komoditas unggulan ekspor perkebunan Indonesia. Komoditas turunan kakao yaitu lemak kakao termasuk komoditi yang berkontribusi besar untuk perekonomian Indonesia. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisa daya saing dan faktor– faktor yang memengaruhi ekspor kakao olahan Indonesia dengan kode HS 1804 di negara tujuan utama. Penelitian ini menggunakan data sepuluh negara tujuan utama dengan periode 2013-2018. Regresi data panel, RCA dan EPD adalah metode analisis yang digunakan. Berdasarkan penelitan hasil Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) menunjukkan ekspor kakao olahan Indonesia berdaya saing kuat serta memiliki keunggulan komparatif di semua negara tujuan. Hasil analisis Export Product Dynamic (EPD) menggambarkan Amerika Serikat, Kanada, China, dan Estonia pada posisi Rising Star, posisi Falling Star yaitu Australia, Jepang, Belanda, India, dan Jerman. Posisi Retreat yaitu negara Malaysia. Model terbaik pada penelitian ini yaitu pendekatan Fixed Effect Model. Regresi data panel menggambarkan harga eskpor dan GDP riil negara tujuan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap nilai ekspor kakao olahan Indonesia. Sedangkan nilai tukar riil berpengaruh negatif terhadap nilai ekspor kakao olahan.
       
      Cocoa is Indonesia's leading plantation export commodity. Cocoa derivative commodity, namely cocoa butter, is one of the several strategic commodities that have a great opportunity for export. The aim of this research is to the analyze the competitiveness and the factors affecting Indonesia’s exports of processed cocoa with the HS code 1804 to the ten main destination countries. This study uses data from ten countries for the 2013- 2018 period. Panel data regression, RCA, and EPD are the analytical methods used. Based on the research, the results of the RCA show that Indonesia's processed cocoa exports are highly competitive and have a comparative advantage in all destination countries. The results of the EPD analysis describe that the United States, Canada, China, and Estonia in the Rising Star, Falling Star positions, Australia, Japan, the Netherlands, India and Germany. The position of the Retreat is Malaysia. The best model in this study is the Fixed Effect Model approach. Panel data regression shows that export prices and Real GDP of destination countries have a significant effect on the export value of Indonesian processed cocoa. Meanwhile, the real exchange rate have a negative effect on the export value of Indonesian processed cocoa.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/117312
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      • UT - Economics and Development Studies [3214]

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      Indonesia DSpace Group 
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