Pendugaan Parameter Genetik Karakter Morfologi Malai Sorgum dan Seleksi pada Generasi F2 Persilangan P1-150-20-A x Pulut 3

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan memperoleh informasi karakter malai sorgum pada nilai heritabilitas luas, koefisien keragaman genetik, dan mengidentifikasi aksi gen serta mengidentifikasi genotipe dalam populasi F2 yang memiliki potensi tinggi. Penelitian ini dilaksanakanpada bulan Februari 2022 sampai April 2022 di Kebun Percobaan Leuwikopo IPB. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu rancangan kelompok lengkap teracak dengan satu faktor genotipe dan tiga ulangan. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa populasi F2 memiliki koefisien keragaman genetik yang tinggi dan nilai heritabilitas arti luas kategori sedang pada karakter morfologi malai yaitu panjang leher malai, bobot malai kering, dan bobot biji per malai. Karakter morfologi malai sorgum dipengaruhi oleh jumlah gen aditif dominan kecuali panjang leher malai, panjang cabang sekunder, dan bobot biji per malai. Nilai korelasi pada seluruh karakter berkorelasi positif nyata kecuali pada karakter panjang leher malai yang berkorelasi negatif nyata. Hasil seleksi menunjukkan peningkatan nilai rata-rata populasi terseleksi kecuali panjang leher malai.

This research is aimed at obtaining information regarding the characteristics of panicle sorghum, which possesses a wide heritability value, and a genetic diversity coefficient, and identify gene action as well as to determine the genotypes in F2 population with high yield potential. This research was conducted in Leuwikopo Experimental Garden, IPB, between February and April 2022. The method employed by this research was a completely randomized block design with one genotypic factor and three replications. The research demonstrates that the F2 population included a high genetic diversity coefficient and broad meaning heritability in the medium category for panicle morphological characteristics such as panicle neck length, desiccated panicle weight, and seed weight per panicle. The morphological characters of sorghum panicles were influenced by the number of dominant additive genes except panicle neck length, secondary branch length, and seed weight per panicle. The correlation values of the on all characters are real positive correlations on the entire character except for the character length neck that is real negative correlated. The selection findings revealed an improvement in the chosen population's average value except for the character length neck.