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      Induksi Mutasi Poliploidi Grammatophyllum speciosum dengan Kolkisin pada Konsentrasi dan Waktu Perendaman yang Berbeda secara In Vitro

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      Date
      2023
      Author
      Hakimah, Israqi
      Wiendi, Ni Made Armini
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      Abstract
      Anggrek Grammatophyllum speciosum merupakan spesies anggrek yang banyak digunakan sebagai tanaman hias dan bisa digunakan sebagai obat. Keragaman genetik diharapkan mampu ditingkatkan dengan penggunaan kolkisin untuk tujuan perakitan varietas baru yang lebih unggul. Penelitian ini bertujuan mempelajari pengaruh interaksi konsentrasi dengan lama perendaman kolkisin pada tingkat ploidi anggrek Grammatophyllum speciosum berdasarkan pengamatan morfologi dan histologi. Induksi mutasi dengan kolkisin dilakukan menggunakan Rancangan Kelompok Lengkap Teracak (RKLT) 2 faktor, yaitu konsentrasi kolkisin dan lama perendaman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan 0,01% dan 0,02% kolkisin selama 2 jam menghasilkan pertumbuhan protocorm sekunder dan tunas terbaik. Interaksi konsentrasi kolkisin dan lama perendaman berpengaruh terhadap jumlah kloroplas, kerapatan stomata, dan ukuran stomata. Konsentrasi kolkisin dan lama perendaman meningkatkan jumlah kloroplas dan ukuran stomata, serta menurunkan kerapatan stomata. Jumlah kloroplas terbanyak diperoleh dari perlakuan kolkisin 0,04% selama 48 jam. Kerapatan stomata terendah dihasilkan dari perlakuan kosentrasi kolkisin 0,04% selama 24 jam. Ukuran stomata terbesar dihasilkan dari perlakuan kolkisin 0,06% selama 2 jam (panjang stomata) dan 0,06% selama 48 jam (lebar stomata).
       
      Grammatophyllum speciosum orchid is an orchid species which is widely used as an ornamental plant and also medicine. Genetic diversity is expected to be increased by using colchicine to create new, superior varieties. The objective of this research is examine the effect of concentration and duration of immersion colchicine on the ploidy level of Grammatophyllum speciosum orchids based on morphological and histological observations. Mutation induction with colchicine was carried out using a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with 2 factors; colchicine concentration and duration of immersion. The results showed that 0.01% and 0.02% colchicine for 2 hours is the optimum treatment for secondary protocorm and shoot growth. The interaction of colchicine concentration and duration of immersion were affected to the numbers of stomatal chloroplasts, size and stomatal density. Colchicine consentration and duration of immersion increased the number of stomatal chloroplasts and size, also decreased stomatal density. The highest number of chloroplasts was obtained from 0.04% colchicine treatment for 48 hours immersion, followed by the lowest stomata density which in 0.04% colchicine concentration for 42 hours immersion. The largest stomatal size was obtained from 0.06% colchicine treatment for 2 hours (stomatal length) and 0.06% for 48 hours (stomatal width).
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/116682
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      • UT - Agronomy and Horticulture [7622]

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