View Item 
      •   IPB Repository
      • Dissertations and Theses
      • Master Theses
      • MT - Economic and Management
      • View Item
      •   IPB Repository
      • Dissertations and Theses
      • Master Theses
      • MT - Economic and Management
      • View Item
      JavaScript is disabled for your browser. Some features of this site may not work without it.

      Enterprises Social Security Employment Contributions During COVID-19 Pandemic

      Thumbnail
      View/Open
      Cover (894.7Kb)
      Fullteks (1.191Mb)
      Lampiran (68.36Kb)
      Date
      2022
      Author
      Gunawan, Setyo Ardy
      Sahara
      Purnamadewi, Yeti Lis
      Metadata
      Show full item record
      Abstract
      Persebaran kasus COVID-19 yang sangat pesat pada tahun 2020 mengharuskan pemerintah untuk membuat kebijakan baik untuk menekan angka kenaikan kasus COVID-19 maupun untuk menjaga kestabilan perekonomian. Salah satu kebijakan yang dilakukan adalah penerapan pembatasan sosial skala besar (PSBB) selama pandemi COVID-19. Namun kebijakan tersebut berimbas pada turunnya aktivitas ekonomi karena rantai pasokan terhambat. Hal ini menyebabkan banyak perusahaan yang mengalami gangguan operasional hingga keuangan, termasuk kewajiban membayar iuran jaminan sosial ketenagakerjaan. Untuk mengatasi hal tersebut, pemerintah juga memberikan bantuan kebijakan berupa keringanan pembayaran iuran dan penundaan pembayaran yang bertujuan untuk mengurangi beban perusahaan dan menghindari terjadinya PHK. Namun, kebijakan tersebut masih belum maksimal penerapannya mengingat tidak semua perusahaan terpengaruh oleh krisis COVID-19 baik secara sectoral maupun skala perusahaannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perubahan iuran, tenaga kerja terdaftar, dan upah yang dilaporkan perusahaan terhadap BPJS Ketenagakerjaan sebelum dan selama pandemi serta mengidentifikasi sektor usaha yang terkena dampak krisis. Terdapat 75.407 perusahaan yang terlibat dalam penelitian ini yang terdaftar sebagai peserta BPJS Ketenagakerjaan di Provinsi DKI Jakarta. Metode yang digunakan untuk menganalisa perubahan iuran, tenaga kerja terdaftar, dan upah yang dilaporkan adalah Uji T yang membandingkan data ketiga variabel tersebut sebelum pandemi (maret 2019 -febuari 2020) dan selama pandemi (februari 2020 – maret 2021). Sedangkan untuk mengindentifikasi sektor usaha yang terdampak krisis, digunakan metode analisis kluster melalui algoritma Kmeans. Dalam pengolahan analisis kluster, data perusahaan dibagi menjadi empat kategori, yaitu perusahaan berskala besar, menengah, kecil, dan mikro. Hasil yang didapatkan menunjukkan bahwa terdapat penurunan yang signifikan pada iuran, tenaga kerja terdaftar, dan upah yang dilaporkan oleh perusahaan peserta BPJS Ketenagakerjaan selama pandemi dibandingkan dengan sebelum pandemi. Terdapat 7.615 perusahaan yang sangat terdampak pandemi COVID-19 yang sebagian besar berasal dari perusahaan skala kecil dan mikro. Perusahaan tersebut bergerak dalam sektor usaha ekspor-impor, industri pariwisata (hotel, restaurant dll), jasa profesional, jasa hiburan, SPBU, dan perdagangan barang.
       
      The rapid spread of COVID-19 cases in 2020 requires the government to establish policies both to minimize the increase in COVID-19 cases and to maintain economic stability. One of the policies implemented was the implementation of large-scale social restrictions (PSBB) during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, this policy resulted in a decline in economic activity because the supply chain was hampered. It has caused many enterprises to experience operational and financial disruptions, including the obligation to pay social security employment contributions. To overcome the issue, the government also provides policy assistance in the form of relief in payment of contributions and postponement in order to reduce the burden on enterprises and avoid layoffs. However, the implementation of this policy has not been maximized considering that not all enterprises have been affected by the COVID-19 crisis, both based on sectoral and enterprise scale. This study aims to analyze changes in contributions, registered workforce, and wages reported by companies to BPJS Employment before and during the pandemic and to identify business sectors affected by the crisis. There are 75.407 companies involved in this research that are registered as BPJS Employment participants in DKI Jakarta Province. The method used to analyze changes in contributions, registered labor, and reported wages is the T-Test which compares data on these three variables before the pandemic (March 2019 -February 2020) and during the pandemic (February 2020 - March 2021). Meanwhile, to identify business sectors affected by the crisis, the cluster analysis method is used through the K-means algorithm. In processing cluster analysis, enterprises data is divided into four categories; large, medium, small, and micro enterprises. The results obtained shows that there was a significant reduction in contributions, registered workers, and wages reported by enterprises to BPJS Employment participating during the pandemic compared to before the pandemic. There are 7.615 companies that have been badly affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, most of which come from small and micro scale companies. The enterprises are engaged in the export-import business sector, hospitality industry (hotels, restaurants, etc.), professional services, entertainment services, gas stations, and trade in goods.
       
      URI
      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/116343
      Collections
      • MT - Economic and Management [3203]

      Copyright © 2020 Library of IPB University
      All rights reserved
      Contact Us | Send Feedback
      Indonesia DSpace Group 
      IPB University Scientific Repository
      UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Institutional Repository
      Universitas Jember Digital Repository
        

       

      Browse

      All of IPB RepositoryCollectionsBy Issue DateAuthorsTitlesSubjectsThis CollectionBy Issue DateAuthorsTitlesSubjects

      My Account

      Login

      Application

      google store

      Copyright © 2020 Library of IPB University
      All rights reserved
      Contact Us | Send Feedback
      Indonesia DSpace Group 
      IPB University Scientific Repository
      UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Institutional Repository
      Universitas Jember Digital Repository