Determinant Return-To-Work Program For Work Injured Employees in Indonesia

Abstract

Work accidents can determine the quality of safety in the workplace, which contributes to national economic development. It is estimated that GDP losses from work injuries are 3.94% annually. Globally, 374 million non-fatal work accidents and 2.78 million people died related to work injuries. Asia Pacific region is the highest work injury compared to other regions worldwide, with 1.1 million deaths. The region contributes the highest work injury from South-East Asia. Indonesia is the most fatal injury, which 15.973 fatal accidents per 100.000 workers (20.9%). It is essential to reactivate work-injured persons to be productive. This study aims to examine the RTW rate, analyze the internal and external factors in the RTW program, and estimate factors affecting the probability of the RTW program for the work-injured employee. The RTW participant data were obtained from BPJS Ketenagakerjaan, with 195 participants following this program due to fatal work injuries in 2020-2021. This study is a cross-sectional and quantitative approach. The RTW rate uses the calculation of the RTW patient. The crosstabulation is used to analyze the RTW's internal and external factors. The logistic regression model estimates the factors affecting the probability of the RTW for a work-injured employee. The result is 75.90% of participants could work after following this program. The participant dominated by younger age (18-29 years), lower working years (0-5 years), male (86%), upper limb amputation (55%), work in the secondary sector (63%), paying a lower rate of insurance (51%), and having work accident in the workplace area (68%). The factor positively influences the success of the RTW program, such as lower and upper amputation (OR=2.474), working in the secondary sector (OR=2.409), following the RTW program in 2020 (OR=2.184), and paying a lower insurance premium rate (OR=3.260). The rate of the RTW in Indonesia is relatively high, with more than three-quarters of participants able to work. Several groups need more attention by providing information about the work environment and road hazards. This finding can be a reference for developing the RTW program to increase the assistance to high-risk patients for not able to work after the RTW program.