Sintesis Fatty Acid Diethanolamide (FADEA) Berbasis Minyak Kotor (MIKO) Sawit dengan Teknik Mikrogelombang
Abstract
FADEA atau Fatty Acid Diethanolamide merupakan surfaktan nonionik yang umumnya disintesis dengan teknik konduksi panas. Teknik lain yang digunakan untuk menghasilkan FADEA berupa teknik mikrogelombang karena pemanasan lebih merata, bersifat selektif, dan dapat mempercepat waktu reaksi. Dalam penelitian ini, FADEA dihasilkan dari reaksi amidasi antara asam lemak MIKO sawit dan dietanolamina dengan bantuan mikrogelombang. Sintesis FADEA pada MIKO:DEA 1:1; 1:2, dan 1:3 berhasil terbentuk, namun hasil spektrum FT- IR terdapat puncak asam lemak yang belum terkonversi sempurna membentuk amida. Karakterisasi FADEA seperti asam lemak bebas (ALB), amina bebas, pH, dan total amida pada masing-masing perbandingan sudah memenuhi standar coco- DEA komersil. FADEA dari ketiga perbandingan terbaik dihasilkan pada perbandingan 1:1. Hal ini dikarenakan total amida yang dihasilkan lebih besar yaitu diatas 95%. FADEA yang didapatkan juga dapat menurunkan tegangan permukaan saat nilai KMK tercapai, yaitu pada konsentrasi 0,05−0,06% b/v. Uji kinerja FADEA seperti stabilitas busa tertinggi di dapat pada konsentrasi 0,3% b/v dan akan meningkat seiring dengan bertambahnya konsentrasi. FADEA is a nonionic surfactant which is generally synthesized by conventional techniques. Another technique used to produce FADEA is the microwave technique because the heating is more even, selective, and can speed up the reaction time. In this study, FADEA was produced from the amidation reaction between palm MIKO fatty acids and diethanolamine with the help of microwaves. FADEA synthesis on MIKO:DEA 1:1; 1:2, and 1:3 were wholly formed, but the result of FT-IR showed a fatty acid peak that had not been completely converted to form amides. FADEA characterizations such as the amount of ALB, free amine, pH, and total amide in each comparison have complied with commercial coco-DEA standards. FADEA of the three best comparisons is produced at a ratio of 1:1. This is because the total amide produced is greater, which is above 95%. The obtained FADEA can also reduce the surface tension when the CMC value is reached, namely at a concentration of 0.05−0,06% w/v. FADEA performance tests such as the highest foam stability were obtained at a concentration of 0.3% w/v and will increase with increasing concentration.
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- UT - Chemistry [2034]