Model Lanskap Permukiman Tradisional Masyarakat Adat Kampung Tegaldeeng, Desa Medalsari, Kabupaten Karawang
Date
2022-12-22Author
Nugrahatama, Davin
Nugrahatama, Davin
Gunawan, Andi
Pratiwi, Prita Indah
Metadata
Show full item recordAbstract
Desa Medalsari adalah desa yang berada di daerah Kabupaten Karawang yang dipilih menjadi desa peradaban Karawang, karena berbagai peninggalan dari berbagai zaman dapat ditemukan di desa tersebut, serta masih dijaganya nilai-nilai budaya dan adat istiadat setempatnya. Namun, arus modernisasi sangat menjadi pengaruh terbesar terhadap perubahan lanskap tradisional di Kampung Tegaldeeng. Upaya memetakan model lanskap Kampung Tegaldeeng merupakan salah satu upaya dalam mempreservasi lanskap permukiman tradisional yang masih dipertahankan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi karakter lanskap tradisional, menganalisis elemen pembentuk lanskap tradisional, dan menyusun model lanskap permukiman tradisional Kampung Tegaldeeng.
Metode yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan deskriptif, melalui penelusuran studi pustaka yang diperoleh melalui penelusuran dokumen-dokumen atau referensi berupa teks (printed atau elektornik), artikel-artikel ilmiah hasil penelitian, buku, dan sejenisnya. Selanjutnya dilakukan wawancara dengan tokoh adat masyarakat di Kampung Tegaldeeng untuk menggali informasi mengenai lanskap tradisional, karakter lanskap, elemen pembentuk lanskap dan kebudayaan, Selanjutnya observasi lapang memiliki tujuan adalah untuk memetakan atau memplotkan elemen-elemen pembentuk karakter lanskap tradisional Desa Medalsari dan melakukan ground truth check. Analisis dilakukan secara spasial dan deskriptif dengan penyajian hasil disusun dalam konsep spasial dan bentuk deskriptif.
Karakter lanskap kampung Tegaldeeng memperlihatkan landform yang relatif datar dengan tutupan lahan yang dominansi lahan pertanian dan permukiman. Satu jalur sirkulasi utama yang bercabang di tengah kampung, dan satu sungai yang membatasi wilayah kampung sebelah barat. Elemen-elemen alami yang telah diidentifikasi dan berada di kampung hanyalah sungai Ciomas, yang lainnya berupa gunung, bukit, dan tebing berada di luar wilayah kampung (sebagai borrowing landscape). Elemen-elemen buatan meliputi sawah, kebun campuran, permukiman masyarakat. Dalam areal permukiman itu sendiri meliputi elemen-elemen rumah tradisional dan modern, mesjid, makam, sirkulasi utama dan lokal, serta ruang terbuka publik. Elemen-elemen pembentuk rumah tradisional meliputi rumah tradisional utama, leuit, kandang, dan ruang terbuka berupa lahan terbuka dan lahan dengan tanaman sayur dan obat-obatan. Pola lanskap kampung Tegaldeeng membentuk pola cluster dimana permukiman dikelilingi oleh sawah dan kebun. Pola lanskap kampung Tegaldeeng sangat mengakomodasi penyelenggaraan aktivitas budaya berupa upacara-upacara adat yang secara umum memanfaatkan elemen-elemen buatan ada. Medalsari Village is a village located in the Karawang Regency area which was chosen to be the Karawang civilization village, because various relics from various ages can be found in the village, and the cultural values and local customs are still being maintained. However, modernization has been the biggest influence on changes to the traditional landscape in Tegaldeeng Village. Efforts to map the landscape model of Kampung Tegaldeeng are one of the efforts to preserve the landscape of traditional settlements that are still being maintained. This study aims to identify the characteristics of the traditional landscape, analyze the elements that make up the traditional landscape, and construct a landscape model for the traditional settlement of Kampung Tegaldeeng.
The method used in this study is a descriptive approach, through a search of literature obtained through a search of documents or references in the form of text (printed or electronic), scientific research articles, books, and the like. Furthermore, interviews were conducted with traditional community leaders in Tegaldeeng Village to gather information about traditional landscapes, landscape characters, elements forming the landscape and culture. Furthermore, field observations have the aim of mapping or plotting the elements that form the traditional landscape character of Medalsari Village and conducting ground truth checks. . Analysis was carried out spatially and descriptively with the presentation of the results organized into spatial concepts and descriptive forms.
The landscape character of Tegaldeeng village shows a relatively flat landform with land cover that is dominated by agricultural land and settlements. One main circulation route that branches in the middle of the village, and a river that limits the western area of the village. The natural elements that have been identified and are in the village are only the Ciomas river, the others in the form of mountains, hills and cliffs are outside the village area (as a borrowing landscape). Artificial elements include rice fields, mixed gardens, community settlements. Within the settlement area itself includes elements of traditional and modern houses, mosques, tombs, main and local circulation, as well as public open spaces. The elements forming a traditional house include the main traditional house, leuit, stables, and open space in the form of open land and land with vegetable and medicinal plants. The landscape pattern of the Tegaldeeng village forms a cluster pattern where settlements are surrounded by rice fields and gardens. The landscape pattern of the village of Tegaldeeng really accommodates the implementation of cultural activities in the form of traditional ceremonies which generally make use of existing artificial elements.
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- MT - Agriculture [3772]