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      Aplikasi Pestisida dalam Pengendalian Hama dan Penyakit serta Tindakan terhadap Hasil Panen Jeruk Keprok (Citrus reticulata L.) di Kecamatan Dau, Kabupaten Malang

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      Date
      2022
      Author
      Haura, Sabrina Masya
      Dadang
      Mubin, Nadzirum
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      Abstract
      Jeruk merupakan komoditas yang banyak digemari dan dikonsumsi oleh masyarakat di Indonesia. Jeruk keprok merupakan salah satu kultivar jeruk yang mudah dalam penanamannya, dapat tumbuh pada berbagai kondisi iklim dan dapat ditanam dimana saja, baik di dataran rendah maupun tinggi. Permasalahan yang sering dijumpai dalam setiap pertanaman yaitu adanya serangan hama dan penyakit. Penerapan sistem pengendalian OPT yang belum optimum menyebabkan penggunaan pestisida seringkali tidak tepat sasaran dan melebihi dosis anjuran sehingga berpengaruh pada keamanan konsumen buah jeruk. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengetahuan, sikap, dan tindakan petani jeruk keprok dalam penggunaan pestisida, mengetahui hama dan penyakit utama, dan mengetahui tindakan yang dilakukan terhadap produk hasil panen. Penelitian dilakukan di Kecamatan Dau, Kabupaten Malang dengan metode survei langsung menggunakan kuisioner terstruktur. Responden ditentukan dengan menggunakan perpaduan metode purposive sampling dan snowball sampling. Sebanyak 50 petani responden (100%) menyatakan menggunakan pestisida sintetik untuk pertanaman jeruknya. Hama utama pada pertanaman jeruk keprok adalah lalat buah (Bactrocera spp.) (100%), kutu-kutuan (T. citricida, T. aurantii, A. gossypii) (92%), dan penyakit utama yaitu busuk pangkal batang yang disebabkan oleh P. nicotianae (86%). Pengetahuan, sikap, dan tindakan petani dalam penggunaan pestisida dipengaruhi oleh pengalaman bertani yang turun-temurun dan tingkat pendidikan. Jenis pestisida yang digunakan meliputi insektisida sistemik dan kontak, serta fungisida yang bersifat protektif. Organofosfat dan karbamat merupakan golongan pestisida yang paling banyak digunakan. Mayoritas responden (100%) langsung menjual hasil panennya yang menyebabkan kemungkinan adanya residu pada buah jeruk.
       
      Citrus is a perennial fruit plant that is consumed by many people of Indonesia. Keprok orange is one of the citrus cultivars that is easy to be cultivated, well grow in various climatic conditions and altitudes, either in the lowlands or in the highlands. Pests and diseases often cause the decrease of keprok orange quantitatively as well as qualitatively. The improper and exceed use of pesticides lead to negative effect citrus fruit consumers. This study aimed to determine the knowledge, attitudes, and practices in the application of pesticides, to determine the main pests and main diseases, and to determine the practice that taken on harvested products. The research was conducted in Dau District, Malang Regency through direct survey methods using structured questionnaires. Sampling of respondents used a combination of purposive sampling and snowball sampling methods. Based on the results of interviews, 50 respondent farmers (100%) used synthetic pesticides for their citrus plantations. The main pests of keprok orange plantations were fruit flies (Bactrocera spp.) (100%), aphids (Toxoptera citricida, T. aurantii, Aphis gossypii) (92%), and the main disease was stem rot caused by Phyrophthora nicotianae (86%). Farmer’s knowledge, attitudes, and practices in the use of pesticides are influenced by their experience and education level. The types of pesticides used include systemic and contact insecticides and protective fungicides. Organophosphates and carbamates are the most widely used pesticides. The majority of respondents (100%) directly sell their harvested products which led to the possibility of residue on citrus fruits.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/115663
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      Indonesia DSpace Group 
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