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      Kolonisasi Awal Cendawan Dark Septate Endophyte pada Bibit Tomat

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      Date
      2022
      Author
      Utama, Geraldus Dimas Putra
      Rahayu, Gayuh
      Surono, Surono
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      Abstract
      Keberadaan cendawan endofit yang termasuk dark septate endophyte (DSE) pada tanaman tomat telah banyak dilaporkan. Namun, proses awal kolonisasi DSE secara alami belum pernah dilaporkan. Oleh sebab itu, penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis kolonisasi awal DSE pada tanaman tomat sejak fase bibit. Kolonisasi awal diamati pada 4 kultivar tomat, yaitu A, T, S, dan K yang benihnya bebas endofit. Deteksi cendawan endofit dilakukan pada 2 tahap. Tahap pertama, yaitu secara in vitro pada benih, untuk mendapatkan bibit bebas endofit dan in planta pada bibit yang ditanam pada campuran kompos dan tanah asal pertanaman tomat, untuk mempelajari kolonisasi awal DSE. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa benih bebas DSE dan kontaminasi mikrob lain setelah diinkubasi pada PDA selama 3 minggu. Kolonisasi awal DSE terdeteksi pada bibit tomat kultivar A dan T umur 1 minggu setelah tanam (MST), sedangkan pada kultivar S dan K terdeteksi pada 2 MST. Keberadaan DSE ditandai dengan terbentuknya mikrosklerotium pada akar. Koloni DSE dikonfirmasi melalui hasil isolasi DSE dari akar bibit umur 4 MST. Koloni DSE pada media PDA memiliki hifa bersekat, berwarna gelap, dan membentuk klamidospora yang merupakan ciri khas DSE.
       
      The presence of endophytic fungi including dark septate endophyte (DSE) in tomato plants has been widely reported. Yet, early DSE colonization in nature is unknown. Therefore, colonization of DSE in tomatoes seedling was studied to determine the time needed for the DSE to colonize the root. The experiment was done using 4 commercial cultivars (A, T, S, and K) of tomato seeds that were free from microbial endophytes. The seedling showed no microbial contamination after being incubated for 3 weeks on PDA. The same seed batch was planted on a mixture of compost and soil from tomato plantation in a seedling tray and incubated for about 3 weeks. Colonization of DSE was detected in root of A and T tomato seedlings at 1 week after seed planting (WAP), and those of S and K cultivars were detected at 2 WAP. The presence of DSE in the root tissue was characterized by the existence of the microsclerotia. DSE colonization was confirmed by isolation of 4 WAP-old roots containing microsclerotia on PDA. The colonies emerged on the media had dark and septate hyphae, and formed chlamydospores which are the characteristics of the DSE.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/115446
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