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      Usaha Tani Tanaman Hias Sukulen di kabupaten Pekalongan Jawa Tengah dan Perlakuan Elektroterapi Bibit Kaktus Bergejala Sapu

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      Date
      2022
      Author
      Fadlila, Annisa Febriani Nur
      Mutaqin, Kikin Hamzah
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      Abstract
      Tanaman hias memiliki daya tarik tersendiri bagi masyarakat karena dapat membuat suasana tenang dan segar. Minat masyarakat tersebut membuat tanaman hias mempunyai nilai jual sehingga banyak dibudidayakan dan menjadi bisnis yang menguntungkan. Di Pekalongan, sukulen merupakan kelompok tanaman hias yang sering diminati oleh masyarakat karena bentuknya unik, cara perawatannya mudah serta kondisi iklim yang mendukung. Kaktus Opuntia sp. adalah contoh tanaman sukulen yang populer. Salah satu penyakit pada kaktus adalah sapu yang disebabkan oleh fitoplasma. Fitoplasma merupakan bakteri yang tidak memiliki dinding sel kaku yang tidak dapat dibiakkan, dan sulit dikendalikan. Perlakuan elektroterapi menggunakan arus listrik searah perlu diuji pada bibit kaktus untuk mengeliminasi fitoplasma. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui usaha budi daya tanaman hias sukulen di Pekalongan dan mengetahui pengaruh perlakuan elektroterapi fitoplasma pada bibit kaktus. Survei usaha tanaman hias dilakukan di Kabupaten Pekalongan dengan jumlah responden 20 orang. Usaha tanaman hias dilakukan di kios/lahan jual dengan luas 16-100 m2 . Pedagang belajar budi daya tanaman hias melalui petani lain, orang tua, bahkan internet. Pengalaman bertani mulai dari 2 hingga lebih dari 30 tahun. Pengendalian fitoplasma pada kaktus dengan perlakuan elektroterapi tidak berpengaruh nyata. Elektroterapi tidak dapat mengurangi gejala fitoplasma pada kaktus. Pertumbuhan tinggi tanaman kaktus sehat lebih cepat dibandingkan kaktus yang terkena fitoplasma, sedangkan lebar kaktus tidak mengalami perubahan. Kaktus yang sehat lebih lonjong dibandingkan kaktus yang terpapar fitoplasma.
       
      Ornamental plants have a special attraction for the community because they can create a lovely and fresh atmosphere. This community interest makes ornamental plants have a selling value so that they are widely cultivated and become a profitable business. In Pekalongan, succulents are a group of ornamental plants that are often in demand by the community because of their unique shape, easy maintenance and favorable climatic conditions. Opuntia sp. cacti are examples of popular succulent plants. One of the diseases on cacti is witches’ broom caused by phytoplasma. Phytoplasmas are bacteria that do not have rigid cell walls that cannot be cultured and are difficult to control. Electrotherapy treatment using direct electric current needs to be tested on cactus seeds to eliminate phytoplasma. The purpose of this study was to determine the cultivation of succulent ornamental plants in Pekalongan and to determine the effect of phytoplasma electrotherapy treatment on cactus seeds. Ornamental plant business survey was conducted in Pekalongan Regency with 20 respondents. Ornamental plant business is carried out in kiosks/selling areas with an area of 16-100 m2. Traders learn ornamental plant cultivation through other farmers, parents, and even the internet. Farming experience from 2 to more than 30 years. Control of phytoplasma in cactus with electrotherapy treatment had no significant effect. Electrotherapy cannot reduce the symptoms of phytoplasma in cacti. The height growth of healthy cactus plants was faster than the cactus affected by phytoplasma, while the width of the cactus did not change. Healthy cacti are more oval than those exposed to phytoplasma.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/115418
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