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      Simulasi Dampak Perubahan Penggunaan Lahan Terhadap Limpasan Permukaan Di Sub DAS Leang Lonrong, Karst Maros-Pangkep.

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      Date
      2022-11
      Author
      Wahyullah, Wahyullah
      Hendrayanto, Hendrayanto
      Suharnoto, Yuli
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      Abstract
      Dampak perubahan penggunaan lahan karst dapat mendorong peningkatan limpasan permukaan yang sulit dan menjadi tantangan di bidang keilmuan hidrologi sebab metodenya masih terbatas. Pendugaan aliran permukaan di DAS karst belum banyak dilakukan dan metode pendugaan umumnya dikembangkan untuk DAS non-karst. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis akurasi pendugaan debit sungai di outlet Sub DAS Karst Leang Lonrong menggunakan metode Soil Conservation Service Curve Number (SCS-CN) modifikasi dan menganalisis dampak penggunaan lahan perubahan debit sungai di outlet Sub DAS Karst Leang Lonrong. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada Sub DAS Leang Lonrong Kawasan Karst Maros Pangkep (KKMP) Kabupaten Pangkajene Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan. Sub DAS Leang Lonrong merupakan Sub DAS dari DAS Sangkara. Metode pengumpulan data dilakukan pada tahun 2015 dan 2019 untuk perubahan tutupan lahan karst dan pendugaan limpasan dengan menggunakan metode SCS-CN modifikasi Nasional Teknologi Universitas Athena (NTUA). SCS-CN modifikasi digunakan berdasarkan karakteristik kelas permeabilitas lahan, karakteristik kelas penggunaan lahan dan karakteristik kelas kapasitas drainase dengan ketetapan nilai CN masingmasing kelas 1-5. Metode simulasi dampak perubahan penggunaan lahan terhadap limpasan dilakukan dengan penyusunan skenario 1 (S1) sampai skenario 5 (S5). Hasil modifikasi metode SCS-CN dalam pendugaan debit langsung pada outlet Sub DAS Leang Lonrong dipengaruhi oleh linieritas hubungan antara curah hujan dan pengamatan aliran langsung. Modifikasi metode SCS-CN dalam menduga aliran langsung di outlet Sub DAS Leang Lonrong dipengaruhi oleh linearitas hubungan curah hujan dengan debit aliran langsung observasi. Metode SCS-CN modifikasi memberikan dugaan aliran langsung yang memuaskan dengan nilai NSE 0,8 (NSE tahun 2019) ketika curah hujan dengan debit aliran langsung observasi membentuk hubungan linear dengan korelasi yang kuat. Jika curah hujan dengan debit aliran langsung observasi tidak membentuk hubungan linear maka dugaan aliran langsung sangat tidak memuaskan dengan nilai NSE -2,9 (NSE tahun 2015). Perubahan penggunaan lahan dengan berkurangnya tutupan hutan menjadi areal tambang mengakibatkan peningkatan run-off dan pengurangan storage. Reklamasi areal bekas tambah menjadi hutan menurunkan run-off dan meningkatkan storage.
       
      The dynamics of land use in karst areas might promote changes to surface run-off is difficult and a challenge in the field of hydrology because the method is still limited. Unfortunately, studies on the estimation of watershed surface ru-noff in karst areas are scarce, while most commonly estimates are for non-karst watersheds. This study investigates the accuracy in estimating river discharge in the karst area, especially the Leang Lonrong sub-watershed outlet, using a modified Soil Conservation Service Curve Number (SCS-CN) and the impact of land use in the karst area on changes in river discharge. The experiment was focused on the Leang Lonrong sub-watershed that is included in the Maros-Pangkep karst area (KKMP), Pangkep Regency, South Sulawesi. The Leang Lonrong sub-watershed is a sub-watershed of the Sangkara watershed. Data in the form of land cover changes and estimates of surface run-off were collected between 2015 and 2019. The modified SCS-CN (referring to the National Technology University of Athens (NTUA) was employed according to the characteristics of land permeability, land use, and drainage capacity with CN value of each class ranges 1-5. Simulation of the impact of land use change on run-off was by preparing scenarios 1 (S1) to 5 (S5). Performance of the modified SCS-CN in estimating the direct flow of the Leang Lonrong sub-watershed outlet is influenced by a linear-relation between rainfall and direct streamflow observations. The model could provide a satisfactory estimate with a NSE value of 0,8 (NSE in 2019) when a high correlated-linear relationship is formed between rainfall and direct streamflow observations. If the rainfall and direct flow observations do not form a linear relationship, then the direct flow estimation is very unsatisfactory with a NSE value of -2.9 (NSE 2015). Reduced forest canopy due to expansion of mining areas could increase run-off and reduce storage. On the other hand, reclamation of ex-mines back into forest could actually reduce run-off and increase storage.
       
      URI
      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/115320
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      Copyright © 2020 Library of IPB University
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      Indonesia DSpace Group 
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