Keanekaragaman Kutu Putih (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) yang Berasosiasi dengan Cendawan Entomophthorales pada Berbagai Tanaman di Kecamatan Prembun, Kabupaten Kebumen
Abstract
Kutu putih merupakan hama polifag yang memiliki kisaran inang yang
beragam. Tanaman inang utama kutu putih antara lain singkong, pepaya, terung,
dan jambu biji. Pengendalian hayati kutu putih secara alami terjadi karena adanya
musuh alami, termasuk cendawan entomophthorales. Cendawan tersebut menjadi
salah satu agen hayati yang mampu mengendalikan kelimpahan populasi kutu putih
di lapangan. Cendawan entomophthorales merupakan cendawan entomopatogen
yang bersifat obligat. Kelimpahan populasi kutu putih memengaruhi tingkat infeksi
cendawan entomophthorales. Cendawan entomophthoales Neozygtes fumosa
dilaporkan mampu menekan populasi kutu putih Paracoccus marginatus.
Identifikasi infeksi cendawan entomophthorales dilakukan pada beberapa spesies
kutu putih yang diambil dari berbagai jenis tanaman inang. Fase cendawan yang
ditemukan selama penelitan adalah primary conidia, secondary conidia, hypal
bodies, resting spore dan cendawan saprofit yang berasosiasi dengan cendawan
entomophthorales. Tingkat infeksi pada P. marginatus pada tanaman singkong
mencapai 50%. The mealybugs are a polyphagous insects and it has been confirmed that
there are many plant families to be hosted. The main host plants of mealybugs were
cassava, papaya, eggplant, and guava. One of natural biological controls of
mealybugs occur in the field is the entomophthorlean fungus. The objective of this
research is to determine several species of mealybugs on several plants and their
association with the entomophthoralean fungus. Identification of mealybugs and the
infection of entomophthoralean fungus were carried out on several species of
mealybugs on various of host plants. The results show that there are several species
found at several sampled plants. The phase of the entomophthoralean fungi found
were primary conidia, secondary conidia, hyphal bodies, and saprophytic fungi.
One species of entomophthoralean fungus, Neozygtes fumosa, was found to be able
to suppress the population of papaya mealybugs, Paracoccus marginatus. Infection
level of this fungus on Paracoccus marginatus in cassava plants reached at 50%.
Collections
- UT - Plant Protection [2412]