Keanekaragaman Kutu Putih (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) yang Berasosiasi dengan Cendawan Entomophthorales pada Berbagai Tanaman di Kecamatan Prembun, Kabupaten Kebumen

Abstract

Kutu putih merupakan hama polifag yang memiliki kisaran inang yang beragam. Tanaman inang utama kutu putih antara lain singkong, pepaya, terung, dan jambu biji. Pengendalian hayati kutu putih secara alami terjadi karena adanya musuh alami, termasuk cendawan entomophthorales. Cendawan tersebut menjadi salah satu agen hayati yang mampu mengendalikan kelimpahan populasi kutu putih di lapangan. Cendawan entomophthorales merupakan cendawan entomopatogen yang bersifat obligat. Kelimpahan populasi kutu putih memengaruhi tingkat infeksi cendawan entomophthorales. Cendawan entomophthoales Neozygtes fumosa dilaporkan mampu menekan populasi kutu putih Paracoccus marginatus. Identifikasi infeksi cendawan entomophthorales dilakukan pada beberapa spesies kutu putih yang diambil dari berbagai jenis tanaman inang. Fase cendawan yang ditemukan selama penelitan adalah primary conidia, secondary conidia, hypal bodies, resting spore dan cendawan saprofit yang berasosiasi dengan cendawan entomophthorales. Tingkat infeksi pada P. marginatus pada tanaman singkong mencapai 50%.

The mealybugs are a polyphagous insects and it has been confirmed that there are many plant families to be hosted. The main host plants of mealybugs were cassava, papaya, eggplant, and guava. One of natural biological controls of mealybugs occur in the field is the entomophthorlean fungus. The objective of this research is to determine several species of mealybugs on several plants and their association with the entomophthoralean fungus. Identification of mealybugs and the infection of entomophthoralean fungus were carried out on several species of mealybugs on various of host plants. The results show that there are several species found at several sampled plants. The phase of the entomophthoralean fungi found were primary conidia, secondary conidia, hyphal bodies, and saprophytic fungi. One species of entomophthoralean fungus, Neozygtes fumosa, was found to be able to suppress the population of papaya mealybugs, Paracoccus marginatus. Infection level of this fungus on Paracoccus marginatus in cassava plants reached at 50%.