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      Keanekaragaman Spesies Tumbuhan Pangan pada Tegakan Sagu di Taman Nasional Siberut, Sumatera Barat

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      Date
      2022-09-30
      Author
      Apriyanti, Yunita
      Zuhud, Ervizal AM
      Bintoro, Mochamad Hasjim
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      Abstract
      Kepulauan Mentawai memiliki potensi tumbuhan pangan berlimpah yang tumbuh di berbagai jenis tegakan, salah satunya yaitu tegakan sagu. Namun, tidak semua tumbuhan pangan pada tegakan sagu tersebut telah dimanfaatkan. Penelitian bertujuan mengidentifikasi dan mendeskripsikan keanekaragaman spesies tumbuhan pangan pada tegakan sagu di Taman Nasional Siberut serta pemanfaatannya oleh masyarakat, mengidentifikasi dan menganalisis potensi tumbuhan pangan yang sudah dan belum dimanfaatkan, serta mengukur ketersediaan spesies tumbuhan pangan. Metode yang digunakan meliputi analisis vegetasi, wawancara, observasi, serta pembuatan herbarium. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan keanekaragaman spesies tumbuhan pada tegakan sagu di Dusun Sakaladhat lebih rendah dibandingkan Dusun Ukra, dengan Indeks Kesamaan Spesies rendah sebesar 43,72%. Terdapat 42 spesies tumbuhan dari 28 famili ditemukan pada tegakan sagu yang dimanfaatkan oleh masyarakat. Spesies tumbuhan yang paling banyak dimanfaatkan yaitu dari famili Zingiberaceae (7,14%), herba dan pohon (38%), buah (41%), konsumsi langsung (22%), serta kelompok buah-buahan (29%). Tumbuhan pangan potensial yang paling banyak ketersediaannya yaitu Artocarpus heterophyllus (175 orang/tahun) dan Bambusa sp. (824 orang/tahun).
       
      Mentawai Islands store plentiful potential food plants that live on various stands, one of them is on sago stand. However, not entirely of those plants may have been utilized to their fullest potential. This study aims to identify and describe food plant species diversity on sago stands in Siberut National Park and their use by Mentawai community, identify and analyze potential food plants both have been and have not been utilized, and measure the availability of food plant species. It was conducted by vegetation analysis, interviews, field observations, and herbarium making. Results show that plant species diversity on sago stands in Sakaladhat Hamlet was lower than Ukra Hamlet, with low Species Similarity Index of 43,72%. 42 plant species from 28 families are used by the community. The most used plant species were Zingiberaceae family (7,14%), herb and tree-habitual (38%), fruit (41%), direct consumption (22%), and fruit groups (29%). The most abundant potential food plants were Artocarpus heterophyllus (175 people/year) and Bambusa sp. (824 people/year).
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/114797
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      • UT - Conservation of Forest and Ecotourism [2503]

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