Ekspresi Gen Aquaporin pada Sengon (Falcataria Moluccana Miq) Resistan dan Terserang Hama Boktor Berbasis Real Time-PCR

Abstract

Sengon (F. moluccana) merupakan spesies tanaman cepat tumbuh (fast growing) dan memiliki nilai ekonomi yang tinggi. Salah satu permasalahan yang terjadi pada penanaman sengon monokultur adalah timbulnya serangan hama boktor (Xystrocera festiva). Secara alami tanaman sengon memiliki gen ketahanan terhadap serangan hama boktor, salah satunya adalah aquaporin. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengukur tingkat ekspresi gen aquaporin pada kambium pohon sengon resistan dan terserang hama boktor secara kuantitatif dengan teknik real-time PCR. Prosedur penelitian ini meliputi isolasi RNA total, sintesis cDNA, perancangan primer spesifik gen aquaporin dan aktin, optimasi eskpresi gen dengan real-time PCR, dan dianalisis menggunakan metode Comparative CT method (2 -ΔΔC T). Hasil kuantifikasi menunjukkan tingkat ekspresi gen aquaporin pada ketiga sampel sengon resistan yaitu sebesar 573,05; 2,62; dan 177,99 sedangkan sengon terserang boktor sebesar 8,04; 3,76; dan 4,67. Secara garis besar, ekspresi gen aquaporin pada sengon resistan lebih tinggi dibandingkan sengon terserang hama boktor, kecuali pada sampel 2.

Sengon (F. moluccana) is a fast-growing plant species with high economic value. One problem in monoculture sengon planting is the emergence of boktor pests (Xystrocera festiva). Naturally, sengon plants have genes for resistance to boktor pests, one of which is aquaporin. This study aimed to measure the level of aquaporin gene expression in the cambium of resistant and attacked boktor pests quantitatively using the Real-time PCR technique. The research procedures included total RNA isolation, cDNA synthesis, design of specific primers for aquaporin and actin genes, optimization of gene expression with real-time PCR, and analysis using the Comparative CT method (2 -ΔΔC T). The quantification results showed the expression levels of the aquaporin gene in the three samples of resistant sengon were 573,05; 2,62; and 177,99, while sengon attacked by boktor were 8,04; 3,76; and 4,67. In general, expression of the aquaporin gene in resistant sengon was higher than that of sengon attacked by boktor, except for sample 2.