Kandungan Formaldehid Alami selama Proses Kemunduran Mutu Ikan Sunglir (Elagatis bipinnulata) pada Penyimpanan Suhu Chilling

Abstract

Kandungan formaldehida pada ikan dapat terbentuk secara alami melalui pemecahan substrat Trimetilamin Oksidase (TMAO) melalui proses enzimatis. Tujuan penelitian ini menentukan kandungan formaldehida alami selama proses kemunduran mutu ikan sunglir (Elagatis bipinnulata) pada penyimpanan suhu chilling selama 14 hari dengan waktu pengamatan 2 hari sekali. Analisis yang dilakukan yaitu uji organoleptik, pH, total volatile base (TVB), trimetilamina (TMA), formaldehida alami dan Dimetilamina (DMA). Uji organoleptik menunjukkan semua parameter mengalami kemunduran mutu selama penyimpanan 14 hari. Nilai pH ikan sunglir turun pada hari ke-2 dan terus meningkat hingga hari penyimpanan ke-14. Nilai TVB dan TMA ikan sunglir pada penyimpanan awal sebesar 5,131 mgN/100 g dan 0 mgN/100 g dan terus meningkat selama penyimpanan. Kadar formaldehida alami pada ikan sunglir terdeteksi diawal sebesar 1,64 ppm dengan nilai tertinggi pada penyimpanan hari ke-12 dengan nilai sebesar 9,82 ppm. Kadar DMA pada hari penyimpanan ke-0 sebesar 1,05 ppm dan terus meningkat hingga 7,32 ppm. Korelasi nilai formaldehida alami terhadap parameter kemunduran mutu yaitu organoleptik, pH, TVB, TMA dan DMA sangat kuat.

Formaldehyde in fish can be formed naturally through the breakdown of the TMAO substrate through an enzymatic process. This study determined the natural formaldehyde content during the process of declining quality of Rainbow runner fish (Elagatis bipinnulata) at chilling temperature storage for 14 days with an observation time of every two days. The analysis carried out were organoleptic tests, pH, total volatile base (TVB), trimethylamine (TMA), natural formaldehyde, and dimethylamine (DMA). The Organoleptic test showed that all parameters experienced a deterioration in quality during 14 days of storage. The pH value of rainbow runner fish decreased on the 2nd day and continued to increase until the 14th day of storage. The TVB and TMA values of rainbow runner fish on initial storage value of 5,131 mgN/100 g and 0 mgN/100 g and continued to increase during storage. The level of natural formaldehyde in rainbow runner fish was detected at the beginning at 1,64 ppm and continued to increase during storage, with the highest value of 9,82 ppm. The DMA level on the 0th day of storage was 1,05 ppm and continued to increase until 7,32 ppm. The correlation of natural formaldehyde values with quality deterioration parameters, namely organoleptic, pH, TVB, TMA, and DMA, is robust.