Analisis Perilaku Makan Tarsius (Tarsius spectrumgurskyae) di Penangkaran Pusat Studi Satwa Primata (PSSP) LPPM IPB

Abstract

Tarsius spectrumgurskyae merupakan satwa endemik Indonesia yang rentan terhadap ancaman kepunahan, sehingga diperlukan evaluasi perilaku makan di penangkaran sebagai upaya pelestarian konservasi ex-situ. Penelitian ini bertujuan menguraikan pola perilaku makan T. spectrumgurskyae di penangkaran Pusat Studi Satwa Primata Institut Pertanian Bogor melalui pengamatan tidak langsung. Penelitian dilakukan terhadap video hasil rekaman kamera closed circuit television (CCTV) pada 3 ekor T. spectrumgurskyae dewasa dengan metode focal animal sampling di kandang konservasi PSSP IPB. Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan perilaku makan memiliki persentase rataan sebesar 2,62±0,46% dari keseluruhan perilaku harian. Pola perilaku makan bervariasi, dimulai dari pergerakan mendekati dan menjauhi pakan yang terdiri dari quadrupedal walking, climbing, dan jumping. Tarsius menangkap mangsa dengan mulutnya. Posisi makan tarsius terdiri atas posisi duduk, berdiri, dan vertical clinging. Cara tarsius memakan mangsa: dipegang dengan 1 atau 2 kaki depan dan dikunyah tanpa dipegang. Lokasi makan yang digunakan tarsius adalah ranting pohon, kotak pakan, tempat minum, sarang, dan dinding kawat. Pola perilaku makan didominasi oleh pergerakan mendekati pakan quadrupedal walking, posisi makan duduk, mangsa dipegang dengan 1 kaki depan, dan berlokasi di ranting pohon. Frekuensi makan dan minum tarsius mengalami peningkatan pada sore dan pagi hari, mengalami fluktuasi pada malam hari, serta beristirahat pada siang hari.

Tarsius spectrumgurskyae is a vulnerable endemic species of Indonesia, therefore it is necessary to evaluate its eating behavior in captivity. The aim of this study was to describe the eating behavior pattern of T. spectrumgurskyae in captivity at the Primate Research Center of IPB University. The study was conducted by performing focal animal sampling on video recordings of 3 adult T. spectrumgurskyae to collect behavior activity budgets. The results showed that eating behavior had an average percentage of 2.62±0.46% from the total daily behavior. The pattern of eating behavior includes the movement toward and away from the feed, which consisted of quadrupedal walking, climbing, and jumping. Tarsiers caught prey with their mouths, followed by an eating position consisted of sitting, standing, and vertical clinging. The tarsiers were found to eat their prey by exhibiting the following activities: grasping with 1 or 2 forelegs and chewing the prey without being held. The eating locations were tree branches, feed boxes, drinking containers, nests, and wire walls. The pattern of eating behavior was dominated by the movement of approaching the feed by quadrupedal walking, sitting position, holding prey with one front leg, and located on a tree branch. The frequency of eating and drinking of tarsiers increased in the afternoon and morning, fluctuated at night, and they rested during the day.