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      Pengaruh Media dan Pembelahan Embrio pada Kultur Embrio Tanaman Pinang (Areca catechu L.) secara In Vitro

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      Date
      2022
      Author
      Siregar, Fezilo Rivansyah
      Dinarti, Diny
      Amarillis, Shandra
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      Abstract
      Pinang (Areca catechu L.) merupakan salah satu komoditas yang mengalami peningkatan ekspor setiap tahunnya. Perbanyakan pinang hingga saat ini masih terkendala penyediaan bibit. Aplikasi kultur embrio dengan pembelahan merupakan salah satu upaya untuk penyediaan bibit. Penelitian ini bertujuan mempelajari pengaruh media dan pembelahan embrio pada kultur embrio pinang secara in vitro. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan kelompok lengkap teracak (RKLT) faktorial dengan 2 faktor. Faktor pertama yaitu jenis media yang didasarkan pada 3 penelitian terdahulu. Faktor lainnya yaitu teknik pembelahan yang terdiri atas 3 taraf (tanpa dibelah, dilukai menjadi dua, dibelah menjadi dua). Terdapat 9 perlakuan diulang sebanyak 3 kali sehingga ada 27 satuan percobaan dan setiap satuan percobaan terdiri atas 4 botol kultur yang masing-masing ditanam satu embrio, seluruhnya terdapat 108 satuan amatan. Media dasar yang digunakan adalah Murashige dan Skoog yang ditambahkan air kelapa 15% dan arang aktif 2 g L-1. Analisis data menggunakan uji F dan uji lanjut BNJ. Media berpengaruh terhadap persentase eksplan hidup pada minggu ke 8. Komposisi BAP 1 ppm dan NAA 0,1 ppm sama baiknya dengan media yang mengandung 2ip 4,1 ppm terhadap persentase eksplan hidup. Perlakuan pembelahan menunjukkan pengaruh nyata terhadap persentase kematian dan browning eksplan. Eksplan tanpa pembelahan menghasilkan persentase browning nyata lebih sedikit dibanding perlakuan pelukaan menjadi dua dan pembelahan menjadi dua. Terdapat interaksi pada minggu 4 dan 12 terhadap eksplan hidup. Belum diperoleh komposisi zat pengatur tumbuh terbaik dan cara pembelahan embrio untuk meningkatkan tunas in vitro pinang.
       
      Areca nut (Areca catechu L.) is one of the commodities that has increased exports every year. The propagation of areca nut is still constrained by the provision of seedlings. Application of embryo culture by division is one of the efforts to provide seedlings. This study aimed to study the effect of media and embryo division on areca nut embryo culture in vitro. The study used a factorial randomized complete block design (RKLT) with 2 factors. The first factor was the type of media based on 3 previous studies. Another factor was the cleavage technique which consists of 3 levels (without being split, incision in half, split into two). There were 9 treatments repeated 3 times so that there were 27 experimental units and each experimental unit consisted of 4 culture bottles, each of which was planted with one embryo, there were 108 units of observation in total. The basic media used was Murashige and Skoog which were added with 15% coconut water and 2 g L-1 activated charcoal. Data analysis used F test and BNJ follow-up test. The media affected the percentage of lived explants at week 8. The composition of 1 ppm BAP and 0.1 ppm NAA was as good as the media containing 2ip 4.1 ppm on the percentage of live explants. The splitting treatment showed a significant effect on the percentage of mortality and browning of explants. Explants without cleavage resulted in significantly less browning percentage than the treatment of incision in half and splitting into two. There was an interaction at weeks 4 and 12 with live explants. The composition of the best plant growth regulators and methods of embryo division to increase shoots in vitro have not yet been obtained.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/114110
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      • UT - Agronomy and Horticulture [7622]

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