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      Induksi Kimiawi Gum Prunus Cerasoides D. Don menggunakan Metil Jasmonat dan Etefon

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      Date
      2022-08-25
      Author
      Arief, Hanifanur Azmi
      Carolina, Anne
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      Abstract
      Gum dan saluran gum merupakan sifat anatomi yang umum dijumpai pada pohon daun lebar dan juga dapat terbentuk akibat diinduksi oleh stimulus eksternal. Pada penelitian ini, induksi kimia dilakukan untuk menstimulasi produksi gum Prunus cerasoides D. Don oleh metil jasmonat dan etefon dengan berbagai variasi konsentrasi, yakni 0.1%, 1%, 2%, 5%, dan 10% (b/b), dan lanolin murni sebagai kontrolnya. Perlakuan induksi dengan hormon eksogen ini dilakukan sebanyak 5 kali pengulangan. Setelah 21 hari pemberian penginduksi, gum tereksudasi akibat perlakuan metil jasmonat semua konsentrasi, kecuali konsentrasi 5% (b/b). Berbeda hal dengan induksi etefon, gum tereksudasi pada konsentrasi 2%, 5%, dan 10% (b/b). Eksudat gum yang dihasilkan kemudian dilakukan analisis sifat fisik dan analisis komposisi senyawa kimia dengan LC-MS/MS dan FTIR. Saluran gum terbentuk pada lingkar kambium karena adanya perlakuan kimiawi. Ukuran saluran gum terbesar terbentuk pada konsentrasi metil jasmonat 10% (b/b) yakni 38.386 µm. Hasil pengujian gum dengan LC-MS/MS menunjukan gum dari P. cerasoides mengandung 28 jenis senyawa kimia, dengan 5 senyawa berkonsentrasi tertinggi dari kelompok sukrosa (lauril sukrosa), ester, asam karboksilat, triterpenoid, dan peptida. Hasil ini didukung oleh spektrum FTIR yang mengkonfirmasi keberadaan polisakarida dalam gum eksudat, yaitu ditunjukkan dengan adanya daerah fingerprint pada 800–1200 cm-1 . Lebih lanjut lagi, gum eksudat diduga mengandung protein yang ditunjukkan oleh pita lebar ⎯NH, Amida A dan Amida I pada puncak serapan 3395.381 cm-1 dan 1618.18 cm-1 . Kata kunci: etefon, gum, metil jasmonat, polisakarida, Prunus cerasoides.
       
      Gum and gum ducts are important anatomical traits usually present in broad-leaved trees, and are also induced by external stimuli. In this research, the chemical induction to stimulate the production of Prunus cerasoides D. Don gum was conducted using methyl jasmonate and ethephon with various concentrations of 0.1%, 1%, 2%, 5%, and 10% (w/w). After 21 days of treatment, methyl jasmonate induced the gum exudation at all of concentration, except 5% (w/w). In other hand, ethephon induced the gum exudation at the concentration of 2%, 5%, and 10% (w/w). The exudate gum was physically analyzed and then subjected to LC-MS/MS and FTIR analysis. The treated shoots were then analyzed histometrically through the standard procedure. The gum ducts were developed in the cambium circumference after the chemical treatments. The largest gum duct diameter was observed at about 38.386 µm after 10% (w/w) methyl jasmonate treatment. The analysis of the gum by LC-MS/MS indicated the presence of sugars (e.g lauryl sucrose), carboxylic acid,ester, triterpenoid, and peptide analog. Furthermore, the spectrum resulting from FTIR investigation demonstrated that the exudate gum was mainly composed of polysaccharides, as indicated by the fingerprint region of 800-1200 cm-1 . In addition, the gum was assumed to contain protein, ⎯NH, its peak at 3100-3500 cm-1 and 1600 cm-1 . Key words: ethephon, gum, methyl jasmonat, polysaccharides, Prunus cerasoides
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/114079
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