Pengelolaan Peperomia (Peperomia sp.), Begonia (Begonia sp.), Bromelia (Neoregelia schultesiana), dan Hortensia (Hydrangea macrophylla) di PT Melrimba Mitra, Jawa Barat
Abstract
Kegiatan magang dilaksanakan pada bulan Maret – Juli 2021 di PT. Melrimba Mitra, Kab. Bogor, Jawa Barat. Kegiatan magang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pengalaman, wawasan, serta kemampuan teknis dalam pengelolaan tanaman hias khususnya peperomia, bromelia, begonia sebagai tanaman hias pot dan hortensia sebagai tanaman hias lanskap. Kegiatan teknis pengelolaan tanaman hias mencakup jadwal produksi mulai dari persiapan tanam hingga siap panen dan kriteria panen tanaman. Pengamatan tanaman Peperomia obtusifolia, Neoregelia schultesiana, dan Hydrangea macrophylla meliputi jumlah daun dan tinggi tanaman. Pengukuran tanaman Peperomia argyreia dan Peperomia caperata meliputi jumlah tunas. Pengukuran Begonia ‘orococo’ meliputi panjang daun, lebar daun, dan jumlah daun. Kegiatan budi daya tanaman hias yang dilakukan meliputi persiapan media tanam, pembibitan, penyiraman, pemupukan, pengendalian hama penyakit, panen, dan pascapanen. Hasil pengamatan pada tanaman Peperomia obtusifolia, Neoregelia schultesiana, dan Begonia ‘orococo’ yang menggunakan metode perbanyakan setek batang tergolong cepat sehingga selama periode magang tanaman tersebut memenuhi kriteria perusahaan, sedangkan Peperomia caperata dan Peperomia argyreia yang diperbanyak dengan menggunakan metode setek daun memiliki pertumbuhan yang lambat sehingga selama periode magang tanaman tidak memenuhi kriteria panen perusahaan. Hydrangea macrophylla memiliki umur panen rata-rata sekitar 15 MST sehingga periode pengamatan selama 8 minggu tidak dapat mengamati tanaman sampai panen. Hasil analisis usahatani dengan asumsi luasan 200 m2 beserta greenhouse lengkap dan manajemen yang sudah ada pada Peperomia obtusifolia, Peperomia argyreia, Peperomia caperata, Begonia ‘orococo’, dan Neoregelia schultesiana menghasilkan pendapatan yang lebih tinggi dari pengeluaran. The internship activities was carried out in March – July 2021 at PT. Melrimba Mitra, Bogor, West Java. The aims of the internship is to increase experience, knowledge, and skills in production management in ornamental plants, particularly of peperomia, bromelia, begonia as ornamental pot plant and hortensia as ornamental landscape plant. The technical activities in production management including production schedule from planting preparation until they are ready to harvest and fulfil the harvest criteria. Growth measurement on Peperomia obtusifolia, Neoregelia schultesiana, and Hydrangea macrophylla included number of leaves and plant height. Growth measurement on Peperomia caperata and Peperomia argyreia included number of shoots. Growth measurement on Begonia ‘orococo’ included the length of leaf, width of leave, and number of leaves. Cultivation activities include preparation of planting media, nurseries, watering, fertilizing, controlling pests and diseases, harvest, and post-harvest. The results of observation on Peperomia obtusifolia, Neoregelia schultesiana, and Begonia ‘orococo’ using stem cuttings propagation method which is relatively fast so that during internship period the plants met the company’s harvest criteria, while Peperomia caperata and Peperomia argyreia propagated using the leaf cuttings method had slow growth. So that during the internship period the plants did not meet the company’s harvest criteria. Hydrangea macrophylla has an average harvest age of about 15 WAP so that the observation period of 8 weeks cannot observe the plant until harvest period. The result of farming analysis using 200 m2 assumption area with complete greenhouse and existed management of Peperomia obtusifolia, Peperomia argyreia, Peperomia caperata, Begonia ‘ orococo’, and Neoregelia schultesiana produce more income than the output.