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      Analisis Determinan Pangsa Manufaktur Indonesia Menuju Revolusi Industri 4.0

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      Date
      2022
      Author
      Afifah, Nur
      Priyarsono, Dominicus Savio
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      Abstract
      Sektor manufaktur menjadi mesin pertumbuhan penting bagi ekonomi Indonesia. Namun sejak terjadinya krisis keuangan pada tahun 1997-1998, kontribusi sektor manufaktur terhadap PDB terus mengalami penurunan yang sering disebut deindustrialisasi. Bahkan laju pertumbuhan sektor manufaktur cenderung lebih lambat dibanding laju pertumbuhan ekonomi nasional dari tahun 2005 hingga saat ini. Sementara itu, Indonesia telah memasuki Revolusi Industri 4.0 yang menjadi tujuan era industrialisasi Indonesia saat ini. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis determinan pangsa sektor manufaktur untuk menyongsong implementasi Industri 4.0. Konsep pengemudi produksi industri oleh A.T Kearney dijadikan acuan dalam menentukan variabel independen dalam analisis dengan menggunakan metode Error Correction Model (ECM) pendekatan Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa semua indikator yang dianalisis memiliki dasar ekonometrik kointegrasi dan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap pangsa manufaktur Indonesia. Adapun indikator tersebut adalah tingkat keterbukaan perdagangan, jumlah tenaga kerja manufaktur, kredit domestik, emisi karbon, Penanaman Modal Asing (PMA), dan tingkat ekspor dengan intensitas R&D tinggi. Artinya, implementasi Industri 4.0 tergantung pada kebijakan yang dirancang oleh otoritas ekonomi dan politik mengenai faktor-faktor tersebut. Sehingga mampu membalik arah deindustrialisasi menuju era industrialisasi Industri 4.0 sehingga mampu meningkatkan perekonomian nasional Indonesia.
       
      The manufacturing sector is an important growth engine for the Indonesian economy. However, since the financial crisis in 1997-1998, the contribution of the manufacturing sector to GDP has continued to decline, which is often referred to as deindustrialization. Even the growth rate of the manufacturing sector tends to be slower than the national economic growth rate from 2005 to the present. Meanwhile, Indonesia has entered the Industrial Revolution 4.0 which is the goal of Indonesia's current industrialization era. The purpose of this study is to analyze the determinants of the share of the manufacturing sector to meet the implementation of Industry 4.0. The concept of industrial production driver by A.T Kearney is used as a reference in determining the independent variables in the analysis using the Error Correction Model (ECM) method with the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) approach. The results showed that all analyzed indicators have a cointegration econometric basis and have a significant effect on Indonesia's manufacturing share. The indicators are the level of trade openness, the number of manufacturing workers, domestic credit, carbon emissions, foreign investment (FDI), and the level of exports with high R&D intensity. That is, the implementation of Industry 4.0 depends on policies designed by economic and political authorities regarding these factors. So as to be able to reverse the direction of deindustrialization towards the industrialization era of Industry 4.0 so as to improve Indonesia's national economy. Keywords: Deindustrialization, Industry 4.0, Manufacturing Sector
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/113769
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      • UT - Economics and Development Studies [3214]

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      Indonesia DSpace Group 
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