Kajian Penetapan Tata Ruang terhadap Pengelolaan Ekowisata di Pesisir Pantai Barat Provinsi Banten
Abstract
The problem of spatial planning and the environment due to natural disasters that occurred in the west coast tourist area of Banten Province, confirms that several strategies in regulating spatial planning have not worked optimally. Banten Province is very vulnerable to disasters because it is an area of the Pacific Ring of Fire. More than half of Banten Province is a disaster-prone area. The west coast of Banten is an area prone to flooding, tsunamis, and volcanic earthquakes related to the presence of the active volcano Anak Krakatau (Soleman et al. 2012). The fact of this environmental condition makes the issue of spatial planning for ecotourism management on the west coast of Banten province very important to study. Accidents and natural disasters in tourist areas can occur at any time for the safety of visitors. Potential hazards can threaten the safety and security of visitors, a very important aspect of tourism activities (Muntasib et al. 2018).
The data collection methods used are library research, field verification, and interviews. Furthermore, data processing is carried out with content analysis and comparisons related to spatial planning policies for tourism and disaster-prone areas in the west coast area. The results of the data processing are then used as a basis for classifying the suitability of the beach's physical typology criteria for tourism (modification of Burton 1955) and disaster-prone levels (modification of INARISK-BNPB 2020). The results of this classification are then used as attribute data to perform spatial analysis with overlay techniques on regional spatial planning policies on ecotourism management.
The results of the spatial analysis on the west coast based on a base map of the suitability of coastal typology for tourism and a base map for disaster-prone levels obtained 3 types of areas, namely; (a) suitable coastal typology areas - low disaster-prone areas, (b) inappropriate coastal typology areas - low disaster-prone areas, and (c) unsuitable coastal typology areas - moderate disaster-prone areas. The concept of regional spatial planning for ecotourism management on the west coast of Banten Province, which considers aspects of the type of west coast area and multi-level disaster-prone areas, is divided into a zoning system, namely; (a) Areas with inappropriate coastal typology - moderate disaster-prone level, designated as Zone I (limited tourism area), (b) Areas with inappropriate coastal typology - low disaster-prone level, designated as Zone II (area tourism development), (c) Areas that have an appropriate coastal typology - low disaster- prone, are designated as Zone III (main tourism areas).