Pemanfaatan Data Hotspot Himawari-8 untuk Penelusuran Kebakaran Hutan dan Lahan

Abstract

The use of hotspots in the early warning system for forest and land fires has been applied and is considered successful. Currently, there are regulations governing the use of hotspots in the above context, as stated in regulation No. P.8/Menlhk/Setjen/Kum.1/3/2018 concerning Fixed Procedures for Field Checking of Hotspot Information and/or Forest and Land Fires Information. However, over time, currently in Indonesia hotspot data has also been used to trace fire propagation as one of the evidences of the cause (source of fire) in cases of forest and land fires. Hotspot data used for tracking forest and land fires generally comes from the Terra/Aqua (MODIS), NOAA (AVHRR), and SNPP (VIIRS) satellites. The three satellites have a recording frequency of 12 – 24 hours per day so as to produce satellite data with low temporal resolution, even though currently there is hotspot data available with a temporal resolution of 10 minutes, namely hotspots from AHI (Advanced Himawari Imager) data from the Himawari-8 satellite. This study examined the use of AHI (Himawari-8) hotspot data compared to MODIS, AVHRR, and VIIRS for forest and land fires tracing in Seruyan Hilir, Tanjung Puting National Park, and the area between the Barito and Negara rivers. This study begins with the identification of the time period of the fire’s incidence on the Sentinel-2. Forest and land fires indicator has been observed from the appearance of flames, burn scar, and plumes of smoke. Furthermore, Hotspots were selected at a confidence level ≥80%. This analysis was based on the detection time series of hotspots. The study showed that AHI (Himawari-8) hotspots could be used to see fire propagation and explain the phenomenon of hotspot leaps (hotspot discontinuity). In addition, AHI (Himawari-8) hotspots can also be used to detect fires that rapidly spread and easily extinguish in low biomass areas. Based on these results, the use of AHI (Himawari-8) hotspots can be used in tracing the initial source of fire in cases of forest and land fires.