Evaluasi Talas Kimpul (Xanthosoma sagittifolium) (L.) Schott) pada Kondisi Ternaungi

Abstract

Evaluation of Cocoyam (Xanthosoma Sagittifolium (L.) Schott) in Shaded Conditions. Supervised by EDI SANTOSA and SUWARTO Planting cocoyam in shaded conditions is an effort to use land in unused areas such as under tree stands in an intercropping or agroforestry. To support this, it is necessary to conduct research related to the selection of accessions and appropriate cultivation methods. This study aimed to (1) characterize morpho physiology and study the morpho-physiology and production of tuber accession of cocoyam in the collection of IPB, (2) determine the effect of planting depth on the growth and cormel formation of cocoyam, and (3) determine the growth and production of cocoyam collect in shaded conditions. The first experiment used seven cocoyam accessions which were BPPT's collection, namely S8, S22, S27, S29, S31, S32, and S37. cocoyam accessions were planted under a 50% shade net with a spacing of 50 cm x 50 cm. All data in the cluster analysis used the UPGMA method while the PCA values were analyzed using multivariate statistics. The results show that there are 31 different character. At the similarity level of 63.8%, cocoyam accessions were divided into two groups. Group A consisted of accessions S29 while Group B consisted of six accessions with 3 sub-groups. The first sub-group consisted of accessions S8 and S32, the second sub-group consisted of accessions S22, S27, and S31, and the third sub group consisted of accessions S37. The most diverse morphological characters were the color of the inner stalk and stomatal density. PCA analysis shows that six components have an eigenvalue of more than one, but none of them has a loading vector value of more than 0.5. This means that no character is more dominant than the others. Accessions S8, S29, and S32 were selected for the second experiment because they had more tubers than the other accessions. The second experiment consisted of two research topics that were planting depth and shade level treatment. This experiment uses accessions S8, S29, S32, and one additional accession from the LIPI evaluation, namely S40. Taro accessions were planted under rubber stands with a planting depth of 20 and 40 cm. The results showed that accessions of cocoyam planted at a depth of 20 cm had a heavier cormus weight than accessions of cocoyam planted at a depth of 40 cm. At a planting depth of 40 cm, cocoyam did not form cormels but had a longer cormus. The level of shade used was treatment without shade, 75% shade net, and under rubber stands. Accessions S8, S29, and S32 planted in a 75% shade net yielded better tubers than rubber stands and without shade. Accession S40 did not form tubers in either the planting depth treatment or the shade level treatment.