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      Nanokristal Selulosa sebagai Agen Penguat Bioplastik Pati Ampas Sagu-Al2O3

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      Date
      2022-08-05
      Author
      Ningrum, Citta Melia
      Kemala, Tetty
      Sjahriza, Ahmad
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      Abstract
      Bioplastik dapat menjadi solusi untuk menggantikan plastik non-degradabel. Pati sebagai bahan dasar bioplastik dapat diperoleh dari limbah ampas sagu. Bioplastik komposit pati-Al2O3 memiliki sifat ketahanan panas yang baik, namun kekuatan tarik yang dihasilkan rendah. Penelitian ini bertujuan meningkatkan sifat mekanik pati-Al2O3 dengan adanya penambahan nanokristal selulosa. Bioplastik dibuat dengan perbandingan nanokristal selulosa 5%, 10%, dan 15% dari total bobot pati. Bioplastik yang diperoleh memiliki tekstur halus dan elastis. Penambahan nanokristal selulosa dapat memperbaiki sifat mekanik dari bioplastik pati-Al2O3. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan meningkatnya nilai kuat tarik dari 3,75 MPa menjadi 4,16 MPa. Peningkatan kuat tarik terjadi pada penambahan nanokristal selulosa sebanyak 5%. Semakin banyak konsentrasi, maka nanokristal selulosa yang ditambahkan akan memperkecil nilai kuat tarik. Daya serap air dan transmisi uap air juga mengalami penurunan nilai. Sementara itu, densitas dan ketebalan mengalami peningkatan seiring dengan banyaknya konsentrasi nanokristal yang ditambahkan. Analisis gugus fungsi pada bioplastik dengan spektrum FTIR menunjukkan keberadaan gugus O-H, C-H, dan C-O-C.
       
      Bioplastics can be a solution to replace non-degradable plastics. Starch as a primary material for bioplastics can be obtained from sago hampas. The starch Al2O3 composite bioplastic has good heat resistance, but low tensile strength. This study aims to improve the mechanical properties of starch-Al2O3 by adding cellulose nanocrystals. Bioplastics were made with a ratio of cellulose nanocrystals of 5%, 10%, and 15% by weight of total starch. The obtained bioplastic has a smooth and elastic texture. The addition of cellulose nanocrystals can improve the mechanical properties of starch-Al2O3 bioplastics. It has been observed by the increasing value of tensile strength from 3.75 MPa to 4.16 MPa. The increase in tensile strength occurred with the addition of 5% cellulose nanocrystals. The more concentration of cellulose nanocrystals added, the smaller the tensile strength value. Water absorption and water vapor transmission also decreased. Meanwhile, the density and thickness increased as the concentration of nanocrystals was added. Functional group analysis in bioplastics with FTIR spectrum showed the presence of O-H, C-H, and C-O-C groups.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/113232
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      • UT - Chemistry [2295]

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      Indonesia DSpace Group 
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