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      Analisis Struktur Pasar dan Daya Saing Pakaian Jadi Indonesia di Amerika Serikat

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      Date
      2022
      Author
      Azizah, Irma Novita Nur
      Hidayat, Nia Kurniawati
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      Abstract
      Tekstil dan Produk Tekstil (TPT) selama bertahun-tahun telah menjadi komoditas ekspor utama Indonesia. Sektor industri TPT Indonesia seperti contohnya pada industri pakaian jadi masih memiliki permasalahan khususnya pada daya saing di pasar internasional. Berdasarkan pernyataan tersebut penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis struktur pasar dan daya saing pakaian jadi Indonesia di Amerika Serikat yang diperlukan dalam menyusun strategi untuk memperluas pangsa pasar. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa dari analisis Herfindahl Index (HI) dan Concentration Ratio (CR4) disimpulkan pasar pakaian jadi di Amerika Serikat memiliki struktur oligopoli dengan konsentrasi sedang. Nilai Revealed Comparative Advantage Indonesia yang lebih dari satu menunjukan Indonesia memiliki keunggulan komparatif pada pasar pakaian jadi di Amerika Serikat. Hasil analisis menggunakan Export Product Dynamic (EPD) menunjukkan bahwa Indonesia sempat berada pada posisi lost opportunity pada periode kedua (2012-2015), namun mampu bangkit ke posisi rising star pada periode ketiga (2016-2020). Analisis Porter’s Diamond menunjukkan bahwa banyak faktor yang belum menunjukkan keunggulan kompetitif pakaian jadi Indonesia, namun ada beberapa faktor yang memiliki keunggulan kompetitif seperti sumber daya manusia yang berlimpah dan murah serta ekspor pakaian jadi ke Amerika Serikat yang terus meningkat.
       
      Textiles and Textile Products (TPT) has become Indonesia's main export commodity for many years. The Indonesian TPT industry, especially the apparel industry, still has competitiveness problems in the international market. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the competitiveness and structure of the apparel market in the United States (US) which can be useful for developing strategies to expand market share. The results of this study indicate that from the analysis of the Herfindahl Index and Concentration Ratio it is concluded that the apparel market in the US has an oligopoly structure with moderate concentration. Indonesia's Revealed Comparative Advantage value which is more than one indicates that Indonesia has a comparative advantage in apparel market in the US. The results of the analysis using Export Product Dynamic show that Indonesia was in a lost opportunity position in the second period (2012-2015) but was able to rise to a rising star position in the third period (2016-2020). Porter's Diamond analysis shows that there are many factors that do not show the competitive advantage of Indonesian apparel, but there are several factors that have competitive advantages such as abundant and affordable human resources and the increasing exports of apparel to the US.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/113223
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      • UT - Resources and Environmental Economic [2339]

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