Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae): Serangan dan Musuh Alaminya pada Pertanaman Jagung di Desa Munte, Kecamatan Munte, Kabupaten Karo, Sumatera Utara

Abstract

Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is a relatively new pest in Indonesia and an essential pest of the corn. Corn cultivation is dominant in Munte village. This study aimed to estimate the damage caused by S. frugiperda, inventory natural enemies, estimate parasitization level of parasitoids and population of predator and observe entomopathogen fungi in Munte Village, Karo District, North Sumatera. Observations were conducted on an area of ± 2500 m2 . Damage level were observed on five plots, each consist of 20 plants with an interval of one plant. Larvae and eggs were collected and reared in the laboratory, as well as suspected predatory insects. The level of damage from each observation for 8 weeks after planting (WAP) reached > 30% or was classified as heavy. Natural enemies found were parasitoids, predators, and entomopathogenic fungi groups. The parasitoids belong to Hymenoptera and Diptera, the proportion of population were 29.71% Telenomus sp. (Hym.: Scelionidae), 3.40% Trichogramma sp. (Hym.: Trichogrammatidae), 1.65% Microplitis sp. (Hym.: Braconidae), 0.41% Charops sp. (Hym.: Ichneumonidae), 1.23% Anomaloninae (Hym.: Ichneumonidae), 0.41% Megaselia sp. (Dipt.: Phoridae), and 0.41% of Tachinidae (Diptera). The other natural enemies found were predators Doru sp. (Der.: Forficulidae) and Oxyopes sp. (Ara.: Oxyopidae), entomopathogenic fungi was Metarhizium sp. Telenomus sp. wasthe most found in the field and had potentially reduced the eggs of S. frugiperda.