Identifikasi Postur Kerja dan Risiko Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) pada Kegiatan Pengumpulan Kopal di Hutan Pendidikan Gunung Walat
Abstract
Kegiatan pengumpulan kopal di Indonesia dilakukan secara manual oleh para pekerja. Beban kerja yang ditanggung pekerja pada saat kegiatan pengumpulan kopal dapat menyebabkan risiko tinggi terjadinya musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). Identifikasi postur kerja pada kegiatan ini dianalisis menggunakan analisis objektif Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA), Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA) dan Range of Motion (ROM) serta analisis subjektif Quick Expossure Check (QEC) dan Standard Nordic Quetionnaire (SNQ). Kelimanya merupakan instrumen pendugaan risiko MSDs. Analisis objektif menunjukkan bahwa risiko paling tinggi pada kegiatan pengumpulan kopal adalah pada saat pekerja melakukan elemen kerja mengangkat getah. Analisis subjektif memberikan hasil bahwa keluhan paling banyak pada bagian tubuh pekerja dari yang paling terdampak, yaitu punggung, pergelangan tangan kanan dan pinggul. Komparasi dilakukan pada kedua analisis tersebut dan memberikan hasil korelasi yang valid. Penyebab utama dari risiko yang tinggi pada kegiatan pengumpulan kopal karena faktor postur tubuh yang janggal, bobot beban berlebih dan fasilitas alat yang kurang memadai. In Indonesia, employees collect copal manually. The workload that workers face during copal collection tasks can put them at an increased risk of developing musculoskeletal diseases (MSDs). The identification of working postures in these activities is analyzed objectively through the use of the Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA), the Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA), and Range of Motion (ROM), as well as subjectively through the use of the Quick Exposure Check (QEC) and the Standard Nordic Questionnaire (SNQ). Each of these five instruments is used to calculate the probability of developing MSDs. According to objective analysis, the greatest risk associated with copal collection activities occurs when workers undertake labor aspects such as lifting kopal, which carries a very high risk of MSDs. Subjective research reveals that the most frequently reported problems are to the back, right wrist, and hip. The comparison of the two analyses yields valid correlation results. The primary reasons for the increased risk in the collection of copal activities are awkward posture elements, excessive load weight, and inadequate tool facilities.
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