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      Analisis Efisiensi Ekspor Indonesia di Kawasan ASEAN, Sebelum dan Sesudah ASEAN Economic Community

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      Date
      2022
      Author
      Lestari, Ayu
      Hakim, Dedi Budiman
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      Abstract
      Perdagangan internasional memiliki peran penting dalam pertumbuhan ekonomi di wilayah Association of South East Ation Nation (ASEAN). Integrasi perdagangan melalui kesepakatan ASEAN Economic Community memiliki keuntungan dapat menjangkau akses pasar yang lebih luas, mencapai tingkat efisiensi dan daya saing ekonomi yang lebih tinggi, serta penyerapan tenaga kerja yang lebih besar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi efisiensi ekspor barang Indonesia ke 9 negara mitra dagang di kawasan ASEAN sebelum dan sesudah ASEAN Economic Community (AEC). Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah stochastic frontier gravity model. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa variabel PDB riil negara mitra dagang, PDB riil Indonesia, populasi, dan trade openness berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap efisiensi ekspor. Sedangkan variabel jarak ekonomi memiliki pengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap efisiensi ekspor. Variabel riil exchange rate, landlocked, dan dummy AEC berpengaruh negatif dan tidak signifikan terhadap efisiensi ekspor Indonesia. Nilai efisiensi ekspor Indonesia selama periode penelitian selalu mengalami penurunan. Negara mitra dagang yang memiliki nilai efisiensi diatas rata-rata efisiensi ASEAN adalah Filipina, Kamboja, Brunei, dan Myanmar. Sedangkan negara Laos, Malaysia, Singapura, Thailand, dan Vietnam memiliki nilai efisiensi dibawah rata-rata ASEAN.
       
      International trade has an important role in economic growth of the Association of South East Nations (ASEAN). Trade integration through the ASEAN Economic Community (AEC) agreement has the advantage of being able to reach wider market access, achieve higher levels of efficiency and economic competitiveness, as well as greater employment. This study aims to analyze the factors that affect the efficiency of Indonesian goods exports to 9 trading partner countries in the ASEAN region before and after the ASEAN Economic 3 Community (AEC). The method used in this research is the stochastic frontier gravity model. The results of the analysis show that the variables of real GDP of trading partner countries, Indonesia's real GDP, population, and trade openness have a positive and significant effect on export efficiency. Meanwhile, the economic distance variable has a negative and significant effect on export efficiency. The real exchange rate, landlocked, and dummy AEC variables have a negative and insignificant effect on the efficiency of Indonesia's exports. The value of Indonesia's export efficiency during the study period has always decreased. Trading partner countries that have efficiency values above the ASEAN average efficiency are the Philippines, Cambodia, Brunei, and Myanmar. Meanwhile, Laos, Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand and Vietnam have efficiency values below the ASEAN average.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/111829
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      • UT - Economics and Development Studies [3214]

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      Indonesia DSpace Group 
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