Studi Pustaka Film Biodegradabel Komposit Pati Ganyong-Malam Lebah dengan Minyak Asiri Kulit Jeruk Keprok sebagai Antibakteri.

Abstract

Pati banyak digunakan sebagai bahan dasar film biodegradabel. Pati ganyong berpotensi sebagai bahan dasar film karena kandungan amilosa yang tinggi, dan malam lebah berpotensi sebagai bahan penguat film karena kandungan lipid yang menjadikannya bersifat hidrofobik. Namun, film biodegradabel yang dihasilkan dari polimer alam mudah dirusak bakteri, sehingga dibuat inovasi berupa film antibakteri. Minyak asiri jeruk keprok berpotensi sebagai bahan antibakteri karena kandungan limonena yang tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan memperoleh informasi mengenai potensi film biodegradabel berbahan dasar pati ganyong dan malam lebah dengan tambahan minyak asiri dari kulit jeruk keprok melalui kajian pustaka secara sistematis. Film berbasis pati mengalami penambahan ketebalan dan kuat tarik, serta penurunan elongasi dan permeabilitas uap air setelah ditambahi lilin lebah. Film berbasis pati menunjukkan sifat inhibisi terhadap berbagai bakteri patogen makanan dengan tambahan minyak asiri Citrus sp. Berdasarkan studi pustaka, umbi ganyong, lilin lebah, dan minyak asiri jeruk keprok berpotensi dijadikan sebagai bahan dasar film biodegradabel.

Starch is widely used as a base material for biodegradable films. Canna starch has potential as a film base material due to its high amylose content, and beeswax has potential as a film strengthening agent per its lipid contents, making it hydrophobic. However, bacteria can easily damage the natural polymer-based films, so innovations such as antibacterial films are made. The tangerine essential oil can be an antibacterial agent for its high limonene content. This study aims to obtain information on the potential of biodegradable films based on canna starch and beeswax with added essential oil from the tangerine peel through a systematic literature review. Starch-based films increased in thickness and tensile strength and decreased elongation and water vapor permeability with the addition of beeswax. Furthermore, starch-based films showed inhibitory properties against food pathogenic bacteria with the addition of Citrus sp. essential oils. Therefore, based on the literature, canna tubers, beeswax, and tangerine essential oils can be used as biodegradable film basic materials.