Karakteristik Perekat Ikan (Fish Glue) dari Kulit Ikan Patin yang Ditambahkan PVA sebagai Perekat Glulam Kayu Karet
Date
2022Author
Kartika, Via Ridzna
Nurilmala, Mala
Nurhayati, Tati
Hadi, Yusuf Sudo
Metadata
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Perekat ikan (fish glue) merupakan perekat dari gelatin hasil hidrolisis kolagen pada kulit ikan. Penelitian bertujuan menentukan sifat fisis dan kimia perekat dari kulit ikan patin, pengaruh penambahan polivinyl alcohol (PVA) pada perekat ikan serta sifat fisis dan mekanis glulam kayu karet (Hevea brasiliensis). Perekat ikan diperoleh dari ekstraksi kulit ikan patin pada suhu 75°C selama 10 jam yang dipekatkan. Perekat ikan diberikan perlakuan penambahan PVA sebanyak 0, 1, 2, dan 3%. Penambahan PVA berpengaruh nyata terhadap kadar padatan, viskositas dan keteguhan geser. Perekat ikan kontrol menghasilkan rendemen sebesar 49,81±6,78%, kadar padatan 36,53±3,29%, viskositas 15,25±3,42 poise, kadar abu 0,23±0,01% dan pH 5,29±0,07. Hasil tersebut memenuhi standar SNI 06- 6049-1999. Glulam kayu karet menghasilkan kerapatan sebesar 0,72±0,01 g/cm3, kadar air 11,53±0,16%, keteguhan geser 15,96±3,21 kg/cm2, kerusakan kayu 10,0±10,0%, dan delaminasi air dingin 21,23±18,53%. Kadar air glulam memenuhi standarJAS 234:2003. Parameter keteguhan geser dan delaminasi belum memenuhi standar disebabkan perekat ikan belum cukup kuat untuk merekatkan glulam kayu karet yang termasuk kedalam kayu kelas kuat II berdasarkan standar Indonesia. Fish adhesive (fish glue) is an adhesive made from gelatin hydrolyzed by collagen in fish skin. The objective of this study was to determine the physical-chemical properties of the adhesive from catfish skin, the effect of adding polivinyl alcohol (PVA) to fish glue and the mechanical-physical properties of rubber wood glulam (Hevea brasiliensis). Fish glue was obtained from the extraction of catfish skin at temperature of 75°C for 10 hours which was concentrated. Fish glue was treated with the addition of PVA as much as 0, 1, 2, and 3%. The addition of PVA significantly affected the solids content, viscosity and shear strength. Fish glue control produced yield of 49.81±6.78%, solids content 36.53±3.29%, viscosity 15.25±3.42 poise, ash content 0.23±0.01% and pH 5.29±0.07. These results are meet the standard of SNI 06-6049-1999. Rubber wood glulam resulted density of 0.72±0.01 g/cm3, moisture content 11.53±0.16%, shear strength 15.96±3.21 kg/cm2, wood failure 10.0±10.0% and cold water delamination 21.23±18.53%. The moisture content of glulam meets the JAS 234:2003 standard. The parameters of shear strength and delamination don’t meet the standard because the fish glue is not strong enough to bond rubber wood glulam which is classified as strength class II regarding to Indonesian standard.