Dampak Izin Pemanfaatan Hutan Perhutanan Sosial terhadap Ekonomi Rumahtangga Petani (Studi Kasus: Petani Penggarap Tanaman Semusim di Lahan IPHPS Desa Simpur, Kecamatan Belik, Kabupaten Pemalang)
Abstract
Izin Pemanfaatan Hutan Perhutanan Sosial (IPHPS) merupakan program
Kementerian Pertanian dan Kementerian Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan yang
dilakukan untuk mengatasi masalah penggunaan lahan pertanian di lahan hutan
tanpa menanam tanaman pokok hutan. IPHPS diberikan diberbagai wilayah di
Indonesia salah satunya Kabupaten Pemalang. Kabupaten Pemalang merupakan
wilayah penerima IPHPS terbanyak di Jawa Tengah, salah satunya di kawasan
perhutanan sosial di Desa Simpur. IPHPS bertujuan untuk meningkatkan ketahanan
pangan dan diharapkan dapat meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat yang tinggal
di sekitar hutan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah: (1) mendeskripsikan karakteristik
rumahtangga petani pengelola lahan IPHPS di Desa Simpur, Kecamatan Belik,
Kabupaten Pemalang, (2) menganalisis faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi
rumahtangga petani pengelola lahan IPHPS, (3) menganalisis dampak IPHPS
terhadap ekonomi rumahtangga petani. Metode analisis data menggunakan metode
Two Stage Least Square (2SLS). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa lahan IPHPS
menyebabkan peningkatan ekonomi rumahtangga petani ketika tanaman tahunan
dipanen yang terlihat dari peningkatan pendapatan total rumahtangga dan
pengeluaran total rumahtangga petani pengelola lahan IPHPS. Usahatani jagung
dan usahatani singkong dapat memberikan pendapatan petani sebelum adanya
tanaman tahunan. The Social Forestry Forest Utilization Permit (IPHPS) is a program of the
Ministry of Agriculture and the Ministry of Environment and Forestry carried out
to overcome the problem of using agricultural land on forest land without planting
forest staple crops. IPHPS is given in various regions in Indonesia, one of them is
Pemalang Regency. Pemalang Regency is the area that receives the most IPHPS in
Central Java, one of them is in the social forestry area in Simpur Village. IPHPS
aims to improve food security and expected to improve the welfare of people living
around forests. The aim of this research is: (1) describe the characteristics of farmer
households managing IPHPS land in Simpur, Belik District, Pemalang Regency,
(2) analyze the factors that influence farmer households to manage IPHPS land, (3)
analyze the impact of IPHPS on the economy of farmer households. The data
analysis method used Two Stage Least Square (2SLS) method. The results of the
study shows that IPHPS land causes an increase in the economy of farmer
households when annual plant are harvested, as can be seen from the increase in
total household income and total expediture of farmer households managing IPHPS
land. Corn farming and cassava farming planted by land managers can provide
farmers with income before the annual palnt is harvested.