Dampak Izin Pemanfaatan Hutan Perhutanan Sosial terhadap Ekonomi Rumahtangga Petani (Studi Kasus: Petani Penggarap Tanaman Semusim di Lahan IPHPS Desa Simpur, Kecamatan Belik, Kabupaten Pemalang)

Abstract

Izin Pemanfaatan Hutan Perhutanan Sosial (IPHPS) merupakan program Kementerian Pertanian dan Kementerian Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan yang dilakukan untuk mengatasi masalah penggunaan lahan pertanian di lahan hutan tanpa menanam tanaman pokok hutan. IPHPS diberikan diberbagai wilayah di Indonesia salah satunya Kabupaten Pemalang. Kabupaten Pemalang merupakan wilayah penerima IPHPS terbanyak di Jawa Tengah, salah satunya di kawasan perhutanan sosial di Desa Simpur. IPHPS bertujuan untuk meningkatkan ketahanan pangan dan diharapkan dapat meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat yang tinggal di sekitar hutan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah: (1) mendeskripsikan karakteristik rumahtangga petani pengelola lahan IPHPS di Desa Simpur, Kecamatan Belik, Kabupaten Pemalang, (2) menganalisis faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi rumahtangga petani pengelola lahan IPHPS, (3) menganalisis dampak IPHPS terhadap ekonomi rumahtangga petani. Metode analisis data menggunakan metode Two Stage Least Square (2SLS). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa lahan IPHPS menyebabkan peningkatan ekonomi rumahtangga petani ketika tanaman tahunan dipanen yang terlihat dari peningkatan pendapatan total rumahtangga dan pengeluaran total rumahtangga petani pengelola lahan IPHPS. Usahatani jagung dan usahatani singkong dapat memberikan pendapatan petani sebelum adanya tanaman tahunan.

The Social Forestry Forest Utilization Permit (IPHPS) is a program of the Ministry of Agriculture and the Ministry of Environment and Forestry carried out to overcome the problem of using agricultural land on forest land without planting forest staple crops. IPHPS is given in various regions in Indonesia, one of them is Pemalang Regency. Pemalang Regency is the area that receives the most IPHPS in Central Java, one of them is in the social forestry area in Simpur Village. IPHPS aims to improve food security and expected to improve the welfare of people living around forests. The aim of this research is: (1) describe the characteristics of farmer households managing IPHPS land in Simpur, Belik District, Pemalang Regency, (2) analyze the factors that influence farmer households to manage IPHPS land, (3) analyze the impact of IPHPS on the economy of farmer households. The data analysis method used Two Stage Least Square (2SLS) method. The results of the study shows that IPHPS land causes an increase in the economy of farmer households when annual plant are harvested, as can be seen from the increase in total household income and total expediture of farmer households managing IPHPS land. Corn farming and cassava farming planted by land managers can provide farmers with income before the annual palnt is harvested.